So, the House passed the CR with the 'belief' that the Repug controlled Senate will kill it. Seems to me we've been there before with legislation and it ended up passing with Pence breaking a tie vote. All bullshit, of course, the House knew it'd pass the Senate. And I believe the same on the CR.
For someone who asked, here's a VERY simple explanation of the budget process:
1-POTUS submits his budget plan to Congress
2-The two Chambers of Congress separately debate that budget, fiddles with it or comes up with their own budget.
3-Each Chamber looks at the other's budget and tries to reconcile them to come up with a mutually agreed-upon budget. Note: Each 'piece' of the budget can be approved individually and submitted separately to POTUS to sign off on. This is why we have 75% of the budget approved already.
4-Mutually agreed-upon budget goes to the POTUS to sign off on. If he does, the budget is 'official'. If he vetoes it, Congress can override with a 2/3 majority. Otherwise we start all over again.