“Biological men, or adolescent boys, have an advantage over women, or adolescent girls, in almost all athletic contests.
22. As one team of researchers has recently written, “Virtually all elite sports are segregated into male and female competitions. The main justification is to allow women a chance to win, as women have major disadvantages against men who are, on average, taller, stronger, and faster and have greater endurance due to their larger, stronger, muscles and bones as well as a higher circulating hemoglobin level.” David J. Handelsman, Angelic L. Hirschberg, et al., Circulating Testosterone as the Hormonal Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance, 39:5 ENDOCRINE REVIEWS 803 (2”