No Nails/Serious stuff is a thick white silicone GLUE so they can be used to glue the shells on to the pots.
SEALANT is a clear liquid coating that dries onto the surface you've brushed it onto (look in the tiling sections of DIY stores for this). You need to coat your shells with it if you're going to use grout, as if you don't, then the grout will get into all the little crevasses and cracks of the shell.
GROUT is a cement based filler (like inbetween kitchen/bathroom tiles) and is often used in mosaics . It fills in the spaces between tiles - or in your case, shells- and adds to the overall effect.
When ever I'm working out a new mosaic if there is something I'm not sure of I make a sample piece - about 10cm x 10cm first
So before you do the pots, why don't you do a bit of experimentation to see which you like best. EG
1glue some unsealed sealed shells onto thick card/board, allow to dry (24hours), then grout.
2Glue Sealed shells onto thick , card/board allow to dry(24hours), then grout.
3Apply thick layer of silicone onto card/board allow to set.
*Just be aware that even though I've said to leave silicone 24 hours before grouting, it does tend to go 'off' pretty quick depending on air temp'. So, if doing no'3 , do it in small areas at a time.