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Feminism: Sex and gender discussions

Push and pull factors in transitioning

313 replies

GCScot · 16/06/2026 09:32

People's motivations in making a change can be categorised into 'push' and 'pull' factors. 'Push' factors are your dissatisfaction with your current state. 'Pull' factors are the perceived advantages of another state.

I started thinking about the possible push and pull factors for people transitioning their gender. It made me realise that there are two distinct groups:

Group 1 = mainly motivated by push factors. i.e. they are unhappy with their sexed body. They include:

  • Women/girls with internalised misogyny
  • Gay people with internalised homophobia
  • Non-genderconforming autistic people who have internalised sexist stereotypes as fact
  • Survivors of abuse/trauma who are trying to protect themselves from future abuse/trauma

Group 2 = mainly motivated by pull factors. i.e. they are attracted to being/being perceived to be the opposite sex. They include:

  • People who are sexually aroused by the idea of themselves being the opposite sex (AGP/AAP)
  • People who think they can gain a personal advantage (sporting/competitive/sexual access) by claiming to be the opposite sex

Group 1 are mainly children and young adults, especially girls. They have gender dysphoria. Because they are trying to permanently and convincingly escape their sexed bodies, they are more likely to undergo medical modifications (surgery, artificial hormones). They have a diverse range of vulnerabilities as a result of their own personal life experiences and the prejudices of society

Group 2 are mainly adult men. We might say they have gender euphoria. Because they aren't trying to escape their sexed bodies they are unlikely to undergo medical modification, preferring temporary and superficial modifications such as clothes, make up, prosthetics, names and pronouns. The majority of the aggressive vocal TRAs come from this group

TRAs deliberately merge the two groups

They know they can utilise the sincerity, vulnerability and innocence of Group 1:
Trans appears in childhood - it must be innate!
Trans appears in childhood - it can't be sexually motivated!
Trans people have gender dysphoria - they're vulnerable!
Look at the lengths they'll go to (surgery, hormones) - they must be genuine!

But when it comes to the motivations of trans people, the TRAs suddenly switch track. They emphasise the pull factor acting on Group 2 ("wanting to be a wo/man") rather than the push factor acting on Group 1 (trying to escape your sexed body). Because any detailed discussion of just why someone might want to escape their body would raise awkward questions about whether wanting to transition is really a cause for celebration and affirmation.

I think it's very important we distinguish between the two groups when discussing objections to gender ideology. They are very different groups with different motivations and consequences. I think part of the reason so many trans allies are resistant to changing their opinions or even discussing the issue is because most of the trans people they know are Group 1s. They recognise these people's sincerity and vulnerability and have been duped by Group 2 TRAs into not examining the underlying push and pull factors of transition

OP posts:
AmaryllisNightAndDay · 16/06/2026 15:32

I would include in the "pull factors" the way people feel that their bodies or minds have been improved in some way by hormones. The clear skin that a man with acne gets from oestrogen. The energy boost and anti-depressant effects that either sex can get from testosterone. These are medical mood effects of taking anabolic steroids which transmen may confuse with happiness about their new gender and parents may say "I didn't approve but look how much happier my child is now, not depressed any more and much more energetic. They must be truly trans!"

(edited for mssing word)

Seethlaw · 16/06/2026 15:31

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 16/06/2026 15:20

That is indeed hilarious!

The “I doubt, therefore I’m trans” is an interesting conundrum though - I suspect it acts as a sort of internal thought-terminating shibboleth, in the same way that “no debate” is meant to shut down external discussion with GC people. By which I mean, if you have doubts, then (under normal circumstances) you might explore those doubts, and discover that you’re not trans (or not trans enough?). Safer to say that, if you have doubts, those doubts are themselves evidence of your true transness - and then you don’t explore the doubts.

Agreed. You don't explore the doubts - and you don't explore the alternative explanations either, even though there are many of them. Which would already be bad in itself, but is made so much worse by the fact that this one conclusion is the only one that encourages body modifications. It should be the last option examined, not the first, let alone the only.

PrizedPickledPopcorn · 16/06/2026 15:25

Darker · 16/06/2026 14:58

OP, what are your sources?

Are you basing any of your analysis on the lived experience of trans people?

I can’t speak for the OP, but it sounds like she’s read up on the stories of lots of different people.
Many trans people share their lived experience in TikTok’s, blogs, magazine articles, fora… It’s all out there to be read and considered.

In addition to that, most of us have experiences with family members and friends.

ByTheRiverside · 16/06/2026 15:23

Lots of people here falling for the debate on "gender identity".

It's the same as the debate about religion. Does god exist? Prove he doesn't!

No. You have no evidence to begin with that god exists. I can't prove a negative. Therefore, you must provide evidence for your assertion.

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 16/06/2026 15:20

Seethlaw · 16/06/2026 14:55

I actually had a rather hilarious experience related to this yesterday.

I was on a fandom forum where people can discuss anything, fandom-related or not. Someone posted about trans people, and it predictably devolved into a fight - but not the one I expected! On one hand, you had people arguing that anyone who isn't cis is trans (so similar to the view expressed in your post, TwoLoons) and only internalised transphobia would stop them from identifying as trans. On the other hand were those who said that people are free to define themselves, that there is more than just cis and trans, and that telling people what you think they are is beyond rude. I was laughing my head off as the accusations of transphobia and bigotry were flying back and forth :P

cis people don’t ever question their identity

Hell, people couldn't even agree on that either! Some said that "cis" meant specifically "feeling like one's gender aligns with one's sex", while others argued that "cis" covers everyone who doesn't actively question their gender.

The best part? The post that said that they used to support transidentity, but they coudn't quite get their head around it, so they went looking for more and more info in the works of trans people and supporters (Judith Butler was mentioned)... and concluded that it makes absolutely no sense! I doubt the insane battle going on helped convince them otherwise :D

That is indeed hilarious!

The “I doubt, therefore I’m trans” is an interesting conundrum though - I suspect it acts as a sort of internal thought-terminating shibboleth, in the same way that “no debate” is meant to shut down external discussion with GC people. By which I mean, if you have doubts, then (under normal circumstances) you might explore those doubts, and discover that you’re not trans (or not trans enough?). Safer to say that, if you have doubts, those doubts are themselves evidence of your true transness - and then you don’t explore the doubts.

MarieDeGournay · 16/06/2026 15:18

Here are some of the factors which may explain the great increase in the number of girls presenting with gender incongruence/confusion/dysphoria:

...the impacts on girls who, as recent statistics showed, were now much more likely to seek treatment from gender dysphoria services than boys. NHS England was encouraged to investigate and publicise the degree to which possible causations such as internalised homophobia, exposure to social media, trauma, bullying, difficulties in navigating bodily changes at puberty, experiencing sexual objectification, familial and social situations and social contagion had played a part in this trend”.
EHIA: Children and Young People’s Gender Service: Service Specification for the National Referral Support Service

Darker · 16/06/2026 14:58

OP, what are your sources?

Are you basing any of your analysis on the lived experience of trans people?

Seethlaw · 16/06/2026 14:55

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 16/06/2026 14:23

The self-reinforcement path comes up in research - in particular, in online communities, it’s been found that any expression of doubt is seen as evidence of a trans identity. So, a girl says “I am confused, I don’t know if I’m a boy or a girl”, or “I don’t know if transition is really the right thing for me,” and is told “that absolutely means you are trans, because cis people don’t ever question their identity.” This then becomes the questioning child’s own internal narrative, and they begin saying “I know this confusion is all just my own internal transphobia / I know my reluctance is a clear sign that I’m trans.”

I actually had a rather hilarious experience related to this yesterday.

I was on a fandom forum where people can discuss anything, fandom-related or not. Someone posted about trans people, and it predictably devolved into a fight - but not the one I expected! On one hand, you had people arguing that anyone who isn't cis is trans (so similar to the view expressed in your post, TwoLoons) and only internalised transphobia would stop them from identifying as trans. On the other hand were those who said that people are free to define themselves, that there is more than just cis and trans, and that telling people what you think they are is beyond rude. I was laughing my head off as the accusations of transphobia and bigotry were flying back and forth :P

cis people don’t ever question their identity

Hell, people couldn't even agree on that either! Some said that "cis" meant specifically "feeling like one's gender aligns with one's sex", while others argued that "cis" covers everyone who doesn't actively question their gender.

The best part? The post that said that they used to support transidentity, but they coudn't quite get their head around it, so they went looking for more and more info in the works of trans people and supporters (Judith Butler was mentioned)... and concluded that it makes absolutely no sense! I doubt the insane battle going on helped convince them otherwise :D

Pingponghavoc · 16/06/2026 14:54

A community of vulnerable teens and adult men. What could go wrong?

OneDarkDeer · 16/06/2026 14:38

MarieDeGournay · 16/06/2026 14:14

So transwoman Paula ceases to be a transwomen and reverts to being a man when Paula does something bad?

Paula must be a man because Paula 'show[ed] shown themself to be one.'
Is that literally, as in displayed 'her' penis?
Or does it mean that only a non-trans-identifying man would ever commit sexual violence, and therefore TWAW doesn't apply to Paula?

It looks like an an example of the 'if a transwoman does something bad they must not be really trans', and under that logic, transwomen never do anything bad.

I was making a very specific point about respecting someone’s identify. Paula is still a trans woman, but I don’t feel any obligation to refer to him that way.

Ereshkigalangcleg · 16/06/2026 14:28

Pingponghavoc · 16/06/2026 14:24

The men in the second category aren't going to admit it.

Eddie izzard leans heavily on the factor that his mother died when he was young, rather than any other possible reason.

Its why the lots of men say they 'knew' when they were three. Its not true, or what they remember of their 3 year old self isnt what motivates them as adults. But it bats away any possibility its porn related.

Meanwhile there are millions of videos of men in stilettos and tight skirts preening in toilets or walk seductively to the camera.

Yes and arguably why a lot of these types of men are so invested in “trans youth” issues, who are mostly teenage girls who have very different reasons for “transitioning”.

Ereshkigalangcleg · 16/06/2026 14:25

“Seductively” needs to be in quote marks

Pingponghavoc · 16/06/2026 14:24

The men in the second category aren't going to admit it.

Eddie izzard leans heavily on the factor that his mother died when he was young, rather than any other possible reason.

Its why the lots of men say they 'knew' when they were three. Its not true, or what they remember of their 3 year old self isnt what motivates them as adults. But it bats away any possibility its porn related.

Meanwhile there are millions of videos of men in stilettos and tight skirts preening in toilets or walk seductively to the camera.

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 16/06/2026 14:23

thirdfiddle · 16/06/2026 14:14

There are less dodgy pull factors too.
Wanting to be part of a particular social grouping.
Wanting to be what you admire in a hero worship not sexual sense.

I think there is a third factor which is simply self-reinforcing meme, intrusive thought or whatever you call it. Once someone gets hold of an idea from whatever source, mental tracks that reinforce it are preferred and mental tracks that contradict it go unnoticed.

Combine that with a belief in gender identity and it takes very little to start you down a track, and once you're started it becomes a feedback loop.

The self-reinforcement path comes up in research - in particular, in online communities, it’s been found that any expression of doubt is seen as evidence of a trans identity. So, a girl says “I am confused, I don’t know if I’m a boy or a girl”, or “I don’t know if transition is really the right thing for me,” and is told “that absolutely means you are trans, because cis people don’t ever question their identity.” This then becomes the questioning child’s own internal narrative, and they begin saying “I know this confusion is all just my own internal transphobia / I know my reluctance is a clear sign that I’m trans.”

Seethlaw · 16/06/2026 14:17

Regarding the OP: I can't find myself anywhere. But I think I can still categorise my reasons.

Push: since my brain "sees" my body as male, I am dissatisfied with my body's sex, and take measures to make it look more masculine.

Pull, maybe? : since I see myself as a man, I am happier when people interact with me as though I were a man, and I take measures to make myself look more masculine to them.

I'm not sure what I think of that categorisation. It's intriguing. I'll have to think more about it.

MarieDeGournay · 16/06/2026 14:14

OneDarkDeer · 16/06/2026 13:50

You’re the one who made this about spaces. I just commented that it’s incredibly reductive to try fit everyone into two groups where one side is vulnerable and confused, and the other is predatory.

I have no problem treating someone with decency, but if they commit sexual violence I have no problem calling that person a man because they’ve shown themself to be one.

So transwoman Paula ceases to be a transwomen and reverts to being a man when Paula does something bad?

Paula must be a man because Paula 'show[ed] shown themself to be one.'
Is that literally, as in displayed 'her' penis?
Or does it mean that only a non-trans-identifying man would ever commit sexual violence, and therefore TWAW doesn't apply to Paula?

It looks like an an example of the 'if a transwoman does something bad they must not be really trans', and under that logic, transwomen never do anything bad.

thirdfiddle · 16/06/2026 14:14

There are less dodgy pull factors too.
Wanting to be part of a particular social grouping.
Wanting to be what you admire in a hero worship not sexual sense.

I think there is a third factor which is simply self-reinforcing meme, intrusive thought or whatever you call it. Once someone gets hold of an idea from whatever source, mental tracks that reinforce it are preferred and mental tracks that contradict it go unnoticed.

Combine that with a belief in gender identity and it takes very little to start you down a track, and once you're started it becomes a feedback loop.

Seethlaw · 16/06/2026 14:05

TransParentlyAnnoyed · 16/06/2026 10:49

Well done speaking to absolutely zero trans people, failing to read what they and their families have to say - and absorbing a lot of online propaganda.

Trans people are born, not made. They are a tiny minority.

Trans boys and men are more at risk when they transition. They experience more sexual harassment and abuse than before. It's incredibly ignorant of you not to know this - but unsurprising, I suppose.

Dear god seek help. Wasting your life explaining why a minority you don't belong to exists is not normal behaviour. Conspiracy theories are not people, life is not a computer game and malicious transphobia (which is what all of the above is) is not a public service.

Mary Whitehouse would've been proud of you, but Dr Science is running screaming from the building.

Trans boys and men are more at risk when they transition. They experience more sexual harassment and abuse than before.

As usual, I don't suppose you have studies and statistics to back that claim up? Because it doesn't align with neither my own experience, nor that of other transmen I've talked to.

Wasting your life explaining why a minority you don't belong to exists is not normal behaviour.

You don't belong to it either, so why do you spend so much time and energy defending it? Also, arguing that only the members of a community should investigate topics related to that community is blatantly idiotic. We don't argue that men can't study female matters, or women male matters, do we?

life is not a computer game

Indeed: there's no respawning. Once body parts are gone, you can't get them back...

MagpiePi · 16/06/2026 13:55

MyKindHiker · 16/06/2026 13:43

Agree with some of your points but you don't have any data or research to support your conclusion.

Based on the people I've met I think 90%+ of trans people I've met fall into the abuse survivor bracket. They're effectively crying for help and instead of providing therapy they're being given drugs and being encouraged to lop off parts of their anatomy.

I haven't met anyone who would fall into your definitions of pull category. I understand from press articles they do exist but I struggle to believe they are a majority. If thinking being the opposite sex would bring advantages from being that sex was enough of a driver to transition, I'd assume we'd see a massive number of women transitioning to wanting to be men. White, straight men specifically.

Edited

Yes, it is odd that while there has been an explosion of middle aged men suddenly finding and being able to express their true selves as women, there is no corresponding cohort of middle aged women.

Why is it that a non-dominant part of society can't just identify and be accepted into the dominant group?

DialSquare · 16/06/2026 13:50

I see that TPA is still insisting that posters on this board don’t know or talk to Trans people whilst simultaneously ignoring Seethlaw on other threads,

OneDarkDeer · 16/06/2026 13:50

spannasaurus · 16/06/2026 13:36

So we should respect a transwomans identity as a female and let them in female single sex spaces until such time as that transwoman commits sexual assault or some other predatory behaviour and only then may we say that they are actually a man?

You’re the one who made this about spaces. I just commented that it’s incredibly reductive to try fit everyone into two groups where one side is vulnerable and confused, and the other is predatory.

I have no problem treating someone with decency, but if they commit sexual violence I have no problem calling that person a man because they’ve shown themself to be one.

Bornwithasexnotassignedit · 16/06/2026 13:45

TransParentlyAnnoyed · 16/06/2026 10:49

Well done speaking to absolutely zero trans people, failing to read what they and their families have to say - and absorbing a lot of online propaganda.

Trans people are born, not made. They are a tiny minority.

Trans boys and men are more at risk when they transition. They experience more sexual harassment and abuse than before. It's incredibly ignorant of you not to know this - but unsurprising, I suppose.

Dear god seek help. Wasting your life explaining why a minority you don't belong to exists is not normal behaviour. Conspiracy theories are not people, life is not a computer game and malicious transphobia (which is what all of the above is) is not a public service.

Mary Whitehouse would've been proud of you, but Dr Science is running screaming from the building.

If trans people were born we’d see hand prints of cave men in pink lacy dresses masturbating in the women’s spaces of course….

We’d have years of evidence and it would be in all societies.

Except we don’t. We have examples of sexual abuse or coercion - such as eunuchs or young boys used in place of girls in society where access to girls is more limited in some respects.

Your child was not born ‘trans’ anything. Your belief they can ‘trans’ forms a large part of their behaviour.

GCScot · 16/06/2026 13:45

lcakethereforeIam · 16/06/2026 11:31

There's that couple who used to be in children's TV, their three daughters all deny being female. What are the chances, eh? All of 'em born in the wrong bodies/ incorrectly assigned at birth.

I think the OPs is a good summing up with an acknowledgement that it is necessarily simplified.

Similarly, I know a woman who very badly wanted a daughter and had five sons in an attempt to have a girl. Incidentally, her fifth son was born at around the time transgender ideology went mainstream and, according to her, he identified as a girl before he could even talk! What are the chances 🤔

OP posts:
MyKindHiker · 16/06/2026 13:43

Agree with some of your points but you don't have any data or research to support your conclusion.

Based on the people I've met I think 90%+ of trans people I've met fall into the abuse survivor bracket. They're effectively crying for help and instead of providing therapy they're being given drugs and being encouraged to lop off parts of their anatomy.

I haven't met anyone who would fall into your definitions of pull category. I understand from press articles they do exist but I struggle to believe they are a majority. If thinking being the opposite sex would bring advantages from being that sex was enough of a driver to transition, I'd assume we'd see a massive number of women transitioning to wanting to be men. White, straight men specifically.

GCScot · 16/06/2026 13:39

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 16/06/2026 11:01

@GCScot, Sarah Mittermaier (posted online as Eliza Mondegreen) has done a fair amount of research into this - particularly wrt the push factor. Her thesis is available here, and is very readable:

mcgill.scholaris.ca/items/5bfebe9b-c703-453c-8fb0-a7c360638aae

Thank you @TwoLoonsAndASprout , I will have a read!

OP posts: