Thankyou.
It an attempt to look at it philosophically (!), I looked at Marlow’s needs pyramid in terms of toilets.
The base level is physiological need (being able to breathe, eat, excrete). Somewhere to go to the toilet is that level.
The next level up is safety, which includes health needs. Single sex cubicle designs are healthier for all sorts of reasons. For example, when someone flushes a toilet, the plume particles will cover a distance of 1.5m. So for a universal (mixed sex) toilet, the sink, hand dryer and taps will typically be covered in particles from the previous occupants. Plus the handle to get out will be more likely if a woman is sharing with men as they are scientifically proven to be less likely to wash their hands. A medical hospital study looked at microbes and universal toilets were worst for disease. Then men’s toilets, then women’s. I use hand sanitiser after I use a mixed sex hospital design toilet due to the very long list of microbes found. The NHS in particular should be discouraged from increasing mixed sex toilet provision.
Only the very top levels of ‘needs’ cover esteem and self-actualisation. If toilets are being designed to prioritise the top of the pyramid, the ‘validation’ that people crave, without regard for the base levels, it doesn’t work. The top levels are exclusive if they don’t include what everyone needs further down.
Real inclusivity satisfies the base levels - what everyone needs - a toilet - then a clean and safe toilet. Many, if not most, council public toilets have been closed down due to sex, drugs, vandalism and bad behaviour towards cleaners. All that means they cost too much to maintain. So the most basic level has gone. There are accounts of distressed older, poorer people fouling themselves when they can’t find a toilet, then avoiding going out.
This is why I get exasperated at the Good Law Project arguing in court for the star of top of the tree, when for many people, there’s no tree. They have, and always will, argue for everyone to have private, enclosed mixed sex cubicle designs with shared mixed sex sinks, or universal designs. Even they draw the line at having mixed sex toilets with door gaps - they know men and women are too uncomfortable and of men’s voyeuristic behaviour.
That explanation won’t fit on a sticker for The Good Law Project!