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Southport report lays bare the failures of authorities - and the attacker's parents

388 replies

IwantToRetire · 13/04/2026 18:30

The words "failure", "failing" and "failed" appear more than 200 times in Monday's Southport Report

Its findings leave almost no agency, organisation or individual involved in Axel Rudakubana’s life unscathed.

The police, council, mental health services, Prevent programme – none of them took ownership of the risks that he posed.

Only The Acorn School, which the attacker attended after being expelled from Range High School, is noted as having repeatedly intervened.

But the Chair of the inquiry, Sir Adrian Fulford, also clearly believes in parental responsibility.

The attacker's father, in particular, is described as "obstructive" and "manipulative" in relation to the authorities.

It is rare to see a killer’s parents singled-out for not doing more to prevent their child’s crimes.

Together, the Southport attack was a failure of both parenting and policy – nobody, says the Chair, agreed who was responsible for the troubled teenager.

There was a "merry-go-round of referrals, assessments, case-closures and 'hand-offs'", he says.

There is even a specific moment when Sir Adrian believes the murders could have been prevented, after the attacker was caught with a knife on a bus in 2022.

But no arrest or search of his home took place, leaving the poison in his bedroom and the warped search history on his computer undetected.

The report’s recommendations include setting up an agency with overall responsibility for monitoring risk, to avoid repeat failings.
But there are searching questions too about access to online materials for children, the availability of weapons and the complexities of the attacker’s autism (the Chair is keen not to stigmatise others with condition).

Ultimately, only the attacker can account for his crimes. But for the families of the victims and survivors, today’s report contains the painful conclusion that he could – and should – have been stopped.

https://www.itv.com/news/2026-04-13/southport-report-finds-failures-by-authorities-and-at-home

The Southport Inquiry: Phase 1 report
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-southport-inquiry-phase-1-report

The Southport Inquiry: Phase 1 report

Phase 1 report of the inquiry into the circumstances surrounding the Southport attack of 29 July 2024.

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-southport-inquiry-phase-1-report

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Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 20:49

Nonameeo · 20/04/2026 19:30

@Thekidsarefightingagain

Ah no sorry, I see you are not 100%

Didnt realise it was you I was having the convo with earlier!

Getting there! It's been a LOT. Our situation turned out well in the end so we were lucky and that was thanks to a coordinated approach led by social care (who did not have an easy job!). I just feel very passionate about raising awareness of the level of trauma that the family went through, how unsupported they were in all of this and how alone they must've felt.

I just don't know what happened to him tbh! It's very sad and had such terrible consequences.

Nonameeo · 20/04/2026 19:30

@Thekidsarefightingagain

Ah no sorry, I see you are not 100%

Didnt realise it was you I was having the convo with earlier!

Nonameeo · 20/04/2026 19:28

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 17:58

I've had it too but it was very understandably mistaken for stress - which did kind of cause it - until full on hallucinations. So I very much do get it. It's really not how I was expecting it to be or what friends and family thought it would be too. It gave me so much respect for people with schizophrenia. You become an amazing actor! Can never see a self service till in the same light and had no idea until then how many coincidences there are!

Was shocked to find out how common it is. Had no idea as people don't talk about it.

Very important to contact Early Intervention In Psychosis Team who actually do have resources!

Thank you, that’s really interesting for you to to share your story 🌷 Agree about the coincidences! In a way it’s quite an amazing thing to have experienced 😅

Mine was stress induced too I believe.

And yes yes 🙌 Early intervention teams are amazing! That’s why I am so surprised this fell through the gaps.

As a fellow survivor do you think he had psychosis too then?

MeetMeOnTheCorner · 20/04/2026 19:18

Talk of home Ed is besides the point. Read part 1 of the Report. He was an enrolled student at Presfield High. Lancashire CC would not accept the school could not meet his needs yet didn’t attend his annual EHCP review. He was on roll there for 2 years and his attendance was 0.7 %. The timeline of events and nothing being done is truly horrific. So he wasn’t going to get home Ed!

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 17:58

Nonameeo · 20/04/2026 16:51

Thank you 😊 but no need to be sorry. I wouldn’t be where I am today without that happening. So weirdly I wouldn’t change it.

Also in a strange way a privilege to go to the edge of the human mind and come back. Most people are not so lucky.

If you ever think even 50% that’s the issue with your child then please act fast. Dont let it go! Do not accept it! Being on antipsychotics for a short period will not mess you up. Failing to act will 100% fuck someone up for life.

I've had it too but it was very understandably mistaken for stress - which did kind of cause it - until full on hallucinations. So I very much do get it. It's really not how I was expecting it to be or what friends and family thought it would be too. It gave me so much respect for people with schizophrenia. You become an amazing actor! Can never see a self service till in the same light and had no idea until then how many coincidences there are!

Was shocked to find out how common it is. Had no idea as people don't talk about it.

Very important to contact Early Intervention In Psychosis Team who actually do have resources!

Nonameeo · 20/04/2026 16:51

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 15:04

I forgot to reply to this - sorry you went through all of that. Yes I agree - far too conceptual for people to understand and even psychiatrists mistake it for something else eg anxiety, stress esp in the lead up period. I think unless you're alert to symptoms it's very tricky and even then people say it's just stress/ASD/whatever. And as parents if you're told it's all part of ASD then you accept that when you really need EIT.

Thank you 😊 but no need to be sorry. I wouldn’t be where I am today without that happening. So weirdly I wouldn’t change it.

Also in a strange way a privilege to go to the edge of the human mind and come back. Most people are not so lucky.

If you ever think even 50% that’s the issue with your child then please act fast. Dont let it go! Do not accept it! Being on antipsychotics for a short period will not mess you up. Failing to act will 100% fuck someone up for life.

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 15:04

Nonameeo · 20/04/2026 10:16

I am 100% convinced. And no I am not a psychiatrist either. But as someone who has literally had it I think I have insight to recognise it that most people don’t.

I also don’t think psychiatrists really know as much about psychosis as they think they do. Unless you have have had it then it’s just so conceptual. And the people they are talking to have alterior motives at play too. To keep their liberty, not or get medication, etc etc. When I was well I remember saying to my psychiatrist I have no idea how you manage this because how can you decipher who’s telling the truth and when.

But they can recognise signs of FEP; particularly the negative symptoms and his actions. And he ticked all those boxes imo.

I wish there was a national campaign for FEP. Like the stroke awareness campaigns. I often see posts on here from people about family members and even in second hand text account it’s clearly psychosis. Often many pages long and not a single person has said ‘that’s psychosis’.

People really have very little awareness.

I forgot to reply to this - sorry you went through all of that. Yes I agree - far too conceptual for people to understand and even psychiatrists mistake it for something else eg anxiety, stress esp in the lead up period. I think unless you're alert to symptoms it's very tricky and even then people say it's just stress/ASD/whatever. And as parents if you're told it's all part of ASD then you accept that when you really need EIT.

NoisyHiker · 20/04/2026 12:53

We need to bring back proper mental instututions.

There was historic abuse, but I'm sure with cctv and increased checks they could be done properly now.

likelysuspect · 20/04/2026 12:42

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 12:06

I think they withdrew his place. In some places home tutoring would be offered to work towards reintegration (home to base to school). But yes that would depend on the level of risk - although I have known home tutoring for CYP expelled from PRUs.

If he had no place then tutoring is on offer, but as I say people use the term 'home tutoring' as a phrase, it doesnt mean 'at home'. Rarely as far as Im aware, not just with my LA

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 12:06

likelysuspect · 20/04/2026 11:42

And its also not a given that tuition is going to be offered in any case, I cant remember why he wasnt attending the PRU, was this because they withdrew his place and so he didnt have a school place? Or was it just through non attendance/school refusal? In which case tutoring is not likely to be offered.

I think they withdrew his place. In some places home tutoring would be offered to work towards reintegration (home to base to school). But yes that would depend on the level of risk - although I have known home tutoring for CYP expelled from PRUs.

likelysuspect · 20/04/2026 11:42

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 11:35

Yes some LAs do (or did) have well established set ups and systems going back over 20 years aimed towards reintegration but I'm guessing that they are swamped nowadays like everywhere else. I think a lot of LAs were caught by surprise.

And its also not a given that tuition is going to be offered in any case, I cant remember why he wasnt attending the PRU, was this because they withdrew his place and so he didnt have a school place? Or was it just through non attendance/school refusal? In which case tutoring is not likely to be offered.

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 11:35

likelysuspect · 20/04/2026 11:17

Well its really down to the company that provide the tutors whether they provide it at home or not, these are private companies, tendered by the LA (most LAs are a tendering/commissioned LA) so a tender goes out, someone bids for the job, and thats the company used. Then you have to rely on availability, timings and whether that tutor wants to work within the home or an office or the library etc etc

I suppose some LA might have their own tutors but I would guess not many these days given everything has been outsourced all over the place.

And at the end of the day they dont have to accept the job.

Yes some LAs do (or did) have well established set ups and systems going back over 20 years aimed towards reintegration but I'm guessing that they are swamped nowadays like everywhere else. I think a lot of LAs were caught by surprise.

likelysuspect · 20/04/2026 11:17

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 10:34

Aaah again that makes sense - it must depend on the LA then whether it can be provided at home or not. So again that's interesting. And yes there's a very long wait.

Not many people want to work with this profile! Oh yes to that.

I love having everyone's perspective, it's just so interesting!

Well its really down to the company that provide the tutors whether they provide it at home or not, these are private companies, tendered by the LA (most LAs are a tendering/commissioned LA) so a tender goes out, someone bids for the job, and thats the company used. Then you have to rely on availability, timings and whether that tutor wants to work within the home or an office or the library etc etc

I suppose some LA might have their own tutors but I would guess not many these days given everything has been outsourced all over the place.

And at the end of the day they dont have to accept the job.

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 10:34

likelysuspect · 20/04/2026 10:11

Even if direct tuition is agreed (its normally online), the tutors are tendered for (in most LAs, so dont have to accept the job) and will usually meet the young person at a library or other public place. I dont have any kids, who are receiving direct tutoring where it happens in placement or at home.
And quite frankly, we have had tutors refuse to work directly with young people with this sort of profile and kids are left waiting months and months for education because no one will work with them. Apart from police and social care no one 'has' to work with a young person, they can say they're not engaging or the risks are too high and say they cant work with them.

Aaah again that makes sense - it must depend on the LA then whether it can be provided at home or not. So again that's interesting. And yes there's a very long wait.

Not many people want to work with this profile! Oh yes to that.

I love having everyone's perspective, it's just so interesting!

Nonameeo · 20/04/2026 10:16

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 09:50

I know exactly what you're saying though! That was my thought too but I'm no psychiatrist.

I am 100% convinced. And no I am not a psychiatrist either. But as someone who has literally had it I think I have insight to recognise it that most people don’t.

I also don’t think psychiatrists really know as much about psychosis as they think they do. Unless you have have had it then it’s just so conceptual. And the people they are talking to have alterior motives at play too. To keep their liberty, not or get medication, etc etc. When I was well I remember saying to my psychiatrist I have no idea how you manage this because how can you decipher who’s telling the truth and when.

But they can recognise signs of FEP; particularly the negative symptoms and his actions. And he ticked all those boxes imo.

I wish there was a national campaign for FEP. Like the stroke awareness campaigns. I often see posts on here from people about family members and even in second hand text account it’s clearly psychosis. Often many pages long and not a single person has said ‘that’s psychosis’.

People really have very little awareness.

EasternStandard · 20/04/2026 10:13

likelysuspect · 20/04/2026 09:40

Yes I said upthread, or another thread, who knows now, you cannot separate out his ASD from these behaviours, no matter how much people want to believe 'this wasnt his autism'

It was, his view of the world, himself, his relationship abilities, his victim status, his perceiption of bullying and the 'solution' to that is born out of an extreme reaction, rigidity, lack of empathy, lack of ownership and many other things. He may, may have had some MH issues as well but hasnt been diagnosed with that as far as I remember

There is no way he would have been sectioned, I know people want to believe this was the missing gap, it wasnt, it just would not have happened on the basis of that.

It’s not really about what people ‘want to believe’ when saying autism is being over extrapolated in the posts.

It’s the opposite, no one can make those claims. They don’t know enough.

likelysuspect · 20/04/2026 10:11

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 10:07

My query around home ed is that others would've been in the house so if it wasn't provided it was a missed opportunity. I don't know if it was though.

Aah yes the endless cycle of MASH referrals.

Even if direct tuition is agreed (its normally online), the tutors are tendered for (in most LAs, so dont have to accept the job) and will usually meet the young person at a library or other public place. I dont have any kids, who are receiving direct tutoring where it happens in placement or at home.
And quite frankly, we have had tutors refuse to work directly with young people with this sort of profile and kids are left waiting months and months for education because no one will work with them. Apart from police and social care no one 'has' to work with a young person, they can say they're not engaging or the risks are too high and say they cant work with them.

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 10:07

MeetMeOnTheCorner · 20/04/2026 09:23

@Theeyeballsinthesky The issue is not that the parents had to do everything. They are not the professional services here that failed. They are though one part of the jigsaw puzzle of acute failure. Shabana Mahmood listed the professional agencies. He was not attending his PRU. Home education was the least of the problems here. It’s not acting when crimes are committed or doing what’s needed to protect society. I’ve attached the list.

My query around home ed is that others would've been in the house so if it wasn't provided it was a missed opportunity. I don't know if it was though.

Aah yes the endless cycle of MASH referrals.

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 10:03

likelysuspect · 20/04/2026 09:40

Yes I said upthread, or another thread, who knows now, you cannot separate out his ASD from these behaviours, no matter how much people want to believe 'this wasnt his autism'

It was, his view of the world, himself, his relationship abilities, his victim status, his perceiption of bullying and the 'solution' to that is born out of an extreme reaction, rigidity, lack of empathy, lack of ownership and many other things. He may, may have had some MH issues as well but hasnt been diagnosed with that as far as I remember

There is no way he would have been sectioned, I know people want to believe this was the missing gap, it wasnt, it just would not have happened on the basis of that.

Thanks for this, that's interesting and really resonates. I'm actually learning a lot just from this discussion! It's not really explained to you IRL

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 09:50

Nonameeo · 20/04/2026 09:27

I don’t think it is different. I see very clearly the same thing.

Not all psychosis’s are dramatic and have you hearing voices and seeing spaceships. This whole thing started with him believing he was being bullied when it wasn’t true. Then becoming obsessed and fixated with researching and going down rabbit holes. Stopped sleeping, bathing and eating.

Thats basically exactly what happened to me. And that was diagnosed as a first episode psychosis.

I know exactly what you're saying though! That was my thought too but I'm no psychiatrist.

likelysuspect · 20/04/2026 09:40

Yes I said upthread, or another thread, who knows now, you cannot separate out his ASD from these behaviours, no matter how much people want to believe 'this wasnt his autism'

It was, his view of the world, himself, his relationship abilities, his victim status, his perceiption of bullying and the 'solution' to that is born out of an extreme reaction, rigidity, lack of empathy, lack of ownership and many other things. He may, may have had some MH issues as well but hasnt been diagnosed with that as far as I remember

There is no way he would have been sectioned, I know people want to believe this was the missing gap, it wasnt, it just would not have happened on the basis of that.

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 09:36

Nonameeo · 20/04/2026 09:27

I don’t think it is different. I see very clearly the same thing.

Not all psychosis’s are dramatic and have you hearing voices and seeing spaceships. This whole thing started with him believing he was being bullied when it wasn’t true. Then becoming obsessed and fixated with researching and going down rabbit holes. Stopped sleeping, bathing and eating.

Thats basically exactly what happened to me. And that was diagnosed as a first episode psychosis.

His perception of bullying was possibly different due to his autism & fixations & going down rabbit holes are common. It also depends on the profile of ASC. Trust me even if your child does meet the criteria admission to hospital isn't as likely as people think it is. It's just brutal, it really is. The system doesn't seem to be set up for complex cases and is overwhelmed as it is.

My hunch is of course that early intervention and early SEND support could possibly have prevented this but that's a whole different story in itself. And just a hunch of course.

Nonameeo · 20/04/2026 09:27

Thekidsarefightingagain · 20/04/2026 09:04

Psychosis is different as it's a very clear cut psychiatric emergency so they would admit. Tbh I suspect that some of the time it's due to not enough CAMHS beds but could be really wrong about this. Read the book on this one! The kids just get batted back to families.

My questions at this stage are:

  1. What caused AR's sudden decline? If he had had support for his ASD and if that had been diagnosed earlier and given support eg at school would he have declined?

  2. Were there carers for his brother?

  3. Was home tuition provided?

  4. Child to mother violence is sadly pretty much seen as an acceptable risk. I suspect that because it was against his father it was viewed as even more acceptable. We've discussed the difficulties of restraint and how this is generally frowned upon, the strength of a dysregulated child

  5. Why were they not given support to implement boundaries? Why is the reason that they didn't want to escalate a volatile situation and not get hurt and not impact on the stress to brother not viewed as understandable? Was there any safety planning?

  6. Why was the impact of trauma not taken into account with dealings with services? Parents had been through a lot of trauma plus coping with the impact of elder son's disability plus coping with sudden decline of AR plus dealing with services which can be traumatic by itself. And a part time job as someone mentioned earlier. It doesn't appear as if their views were potentially as taken into account as they could have been but that could be my over extrapolating.

  7. It looks like they were both working night shifts - I think I've got that right. Was this to be around in the day for AR? Was the sheer exhaustion of working nights taken into account in decision making?

The video that OP posted earlier is by far the most balanced reporting that I've seen.

I don’t think it is different. I see very clearly the same thing.

Not all psychosis’s are dramatic and have you hearing voices and seeing spaceships. This whole thing started with him believing he was being bullied when it wasn’t true. Then becoming obsessed and fixated with researching and going down rabbit holes. Stopped sleeping, bathing and eating.

Thats basically exactly what happened to me. And that was diagnosed as a first episode psychosis.

MeetMeOnTheCorner · 20/04/2026 09:23

@Theeyeballsinthesky The issue is not that the parents had to do everything. They are not the professional services here that failed. They are though one part of the jigsaw puzzle of acute failure. Shabana Mahmood listed the professional agencies. He was not attending his PRU. Home education was the least of the problems here. It’s not acting when crimes are committed or doing what’s needed to protect society. I’ve attached the list.

Southport report lays bare the failures of authorities - and the attacker's parents
EasternStandard · 20/04/2026 09:19

It’s better to separate out autism from the extreme violence shown in that case.