I'm going to take this up, because it's something that has exercised my mind since childhood.
blaming the male gaze. It’s such a lazy and erroneous assumption
In this male-dominated world, everyone channels the male gaze: women included. The 'ideal' woman of our times is noticeably smaller than her male counterparts, in height and volume. She is fragile but fit - toned, with gently defined musculature: strong enough to bear children and to run around after them; not strong enough to hurt a man if she hit him. She's very young, let's say 16-22, so her skin's smooth and taut. She has symmetrical features and all that.
The 'male gaze' measures every woman against this template, it's simply accepted as the beauty standard. Women don't consciously think about it, but unquestioningly judge themselves and other women in terms of approximation to the ideal female body.
we cover up the bits of ourselves we dislike because we dislike those bits
We dislike them for distancing us from the beauty standard. We judge ourselves by it, and we expect that everyone else will do the same.
women dress for themselves and other women. Not men
In the generalised scenario you're describing, women dress to make themselves look as close to the beauty standard as possible: that is to say, to appease the male gaze. The fact that it's channelled and enforced by ourselves and other women is neither here nor there.
of course we should wear what we want
Of course we should! In this scenario, though, 'what we want' is heavily influenced, dictated and proscribed by the standards of men seeking young, unthreatening baby makers.
The fashion world challenges this - at least, some sectors of the business do, and at least since the London street style revolution fifty years ago. When you appreciate clothing as something other than presentation of the body, you can free yourself from fears of template-based judgement. You can view clothes as an art form, a political statement, communication or utility. You can wear them for their own sake or for their functions.
Fashion says 'Wear what inspires you, wear what speaks your thoughts, wear what suits your purpose. Show it off. Above all, wear it like you mean it!' Fuck the male gaze - except when that is your purpose.