Why do people on here ask 20 questions at once? It's not really conducive to a discussion. I'll try and answer a few in the short amount of time I have.
Why is it that it's women who happen to end up saying things like "it makes sense for me to be the one to give up work/go part time"?
Well, why wouldn't you if you were offered the opportunity to cut a few days from your working week and still live comfortably? Women usually do this because it's not really socially acceptable for men - we're not yet at that stage.
Why do schools/nurseries/society always think it's the woman who has to be called to pick a poorly child up?
Why is there an assumption that because children will get unwell and need to be looked after in the school holidays that that person should be mum?
Related to the above. It's much more common/socially acceptable for women to step back from their jobs so they're already doing more caring responsibilities. Most I know don't have a big issue with this having chosen to do so rather than grind it at a desk all day.
Why are men reluctant to go part time and have two part time salaries and share the load?
I'm not sure they really are. Our society places pressure on men to earn more and statistically a lower earning male or SAHD is more likely to be divorced. They're trying to 'step up' and play their expected role.
Why are men often the ones who are clued up on their long term earning potential, the legal implications of marriage, pensions and are in a much better position than women who (just look at the boards on here) are much more likely to end up financially vulnerable because they haven't got themselves clued up?
Well, men have to be. For every financially vulnerable woman there are others that have it easy - work 2-3 days a week and still have loads of money due to sharing finances. Some may technically be more financially vulnerable than when they worked full time but nonetheless have a much better quality of life - this is the gamble.
Look at the current thread in AIBU. Husband and wife both working full time. He pays full house deposit and 70% of the mortgage as she is training/getting qualifications etc and can't put in as much. His parents also contribute money. Several years later she's divorcing him and going for half of everything (his pension/savings too) although she never facilitated his career and didn't put in anywhere close to as much towards the house she now wants half of. Posters are saying "oh well, that's marriage. He knew what he was getting into". I'll bet he was just trying to 'step up' and do the best thing for his wife, who he was madly in love with at the time.
The real world doesn't always match up to feminist theory IME.