This is a really awful situation, and I can empathise.
My advice would be to raise the issue with Children's Social Care. I believe you can put in a referral online. State that you cannot keep him safe (the fact that he hurts you puts him at risk as well). State that you cannot meet his needs. State that his educational needs are not being met. If you have any other children, state that they are in danger of harm.
At your son's age, educational provision should be provided if home schooling is not working. There are other options, apart from home education. These include a PRU or a home tutor from the local authority.
If he has not already got an EHCP, you need to ask for an urgent assessment from the local authority with a view of having one put in place. Your son is not only missing out on education, but he is missing out on peer relationships, social contact and pastoral care.
Contact your GP and tell them the effect your son's behaviour is having on you. Contact the Family Rights Group, they have forums that can help you if you have or are likely to have intervention from social services.
Call the police - if he is assaulting you and/or causing damage in the home, this is a criminal offence. Police involvement could escalate the case.
I really feel for you. Your son is at a really difficult age and both he and you are being badly let down.