Interesting thread.
I haven't read every post so correct me if I am wrong, but I get the feeling from this thread that only NT people should suffer full punishment for their crimes.
I agree that we shouldn't be seeking to lock up or even necessarily punish people with severe mental problems, who can't tell right from wrong nor understand the consequences of their actions.
However, I am puzzled by the idea that otherwise functional people without empathy should also be exempt from punishment for hurting others. Surely it is not whether they feel their victims' pain that should count in criminal responsibility but whether they understand that it is considered wrong and will be punished severely.
A lot of gruesome murders are committed by psychopaths/sociopaths - people with no empathy, no apparent conscience, unable to control aggressive impulses. Yet we have no problem locking them up. So don't really think that empathy or its lack thereof is a determining factor in criminal responsibility.