Op, I wonder if you could benefit from some therapy. There are quite a lot of issues here.
There's a sense of emotional immaturity - both in relation to the cat, and in relation to your daughter.
To address the cat first, it's not great to adopt a pet that you don't want. You either want to commit to it or you don't adopt it. There's no sense in saying 'well I never wanted it anyway' afterwards, that's a bit naff, you're an adult.
I adopted a nervous cat that had accidents outside the litter tray and I got quite upset about it, so I understand, but we got medical causes ruled out and looked at the behavioural causes - stress, anxiety, not enough litter boxes. It took a few months but with increasing litter boxes and time, she settled and it doesn't happen anymore.
A previously-outdoor cat can become a happy indoor cat with a catio, with enrichment in terms of toys, a cat wall, etc. I think this may fall on deaf ears as you never wanted it anyway right, but there are so many options. Jackson Galaxy is your friend here.
And just from a moral perspective, the idea of adopting a cat and then having it rehomed because you never really wanted it anyway is pretty poor. Shelters around here are at capacity and there are increasing numbers of strays. To add to the number of cats needing a loving home, instead of step up and work out how to make your cat feel content, is sad. A content cat is not a lot of work at all. Trust me. I have eight.
To address your relationship with your daughter and your fear that she is portraying behaviour from her dad, I think to even have that thought process must be so damaging and worrying for both of you. It's not fair on either of you. For various reasons, I understand the worry, but I really think therapy can help with this. The last thing you need is to harbour this sort of concern and potentially pass it on to your daughter, to leave her feeling as though there's an inevitability to her character development, that she'll end up 'just like dad'. Please look at getting someone to talk to. You need to be her safe space, you need to be able to discipline her when appropriate, without her behaviour coming at you through a filter of worry/panic. She's your daughter, she's yours, you can't love and cherish her and discipline and help her, if you're looking at her with any kind of fear.