I've had a lot of this with one of my teenage daughters. The older one is quite different and while we don't always agree on many things she is willing to engage in a robust discussion.
I don't think the difference is anything I've done, so much as a personality difference, the older takes after me and the younger her father (haha). But really, she is just far more inclined to black and white thinking and also has a very strong sense of empathy and justice. It's difficult for her to see that it can be ok for an issue to have more than one side, or to be sympathetic to people but also think they are wrong.
I do think though that there is a difference in this generation and it largely comes down to how they are educated. For all the talk of critical thinking and teaching kids how to engage rather than just facts bla bla bla, the effect of what they do is the exact opposite. It's a kind of indoctrination in a hierarchical model of thinking around identity issues, but it's not presented as a theory, it's the only paradigm they're given. And they don't have enough factual history or even science to raise questions about it.
They've also been taught that "diversity whatever that means is the ultimate good. There is a paragraph in a P.D. James novel where one of the policewomen, who attended a very rough school, remembers that the only spiritual or philosophical value they were taught there, in an attempt to keep order in the school, was ant-racism. Or what we might call tolerance. I think that's largely true, diversity and tolerance are the two controlling values they are taught, and so those are the lens through which all other information is viewed. Even science or what we might better call truth. A truth that doesn't align with those things, or what the individual thinks those things mean, cannot be true.
Those of us who are older maybe imagined that the primacy of truth was self-evident, but I think that unfortunately, it isn't.