Opened with a brief interview with a young woman who had bought testosterone over the internet and had been injecting herself. She now had regrets because of the long term negative effects.
Lord Robert Winston (LRW) began by talking about the risk of children being treated too early because we haven't defined the problem. He made the point that prenatal hormones affect cognition and that we don’t understand the fundamentals. He went on to say that until we do we are taking a blunderbuss approach.
John Humphries (JH) asked How should parent react?
LRW answered that we need to be very gentle and involve experts.
JH turned to Professor Gary Butler (PGB) and asked what the extent of the problem is.
PGB. This is incredibly rare and seems to be around 1 in 20,000. However this is increasing but remains very rare. He then said there are two ranges, one group have gender dysphoria right from start (as soon as they can express themselves); but recently the biggest proportion is occurring at puberty. There are many factors and we have not untangled them yet.
LRW: The danger is that the brain redefining itself at puberty, going theough a period of sorting out identity (not just gender). Went on to say that there are real risks with gender reassignment: 40% of those who have vaginal construction have long term complications. Recent research shows that 23% of those who have their breasts removed are uncomfortable with having had it done. And of course infertility is a major risk. Many can feel quite badly damaged after this type of surgery. He considers this to be a warning sign.
PGB: Have to be terribly careful when working with this group. Help needs to be supportive, and educational. The focus in his clinic is on long term exploration of why and how children have these feelings. Clinic called gender identity development for this reason. He went on to say that only 1 in 20 of people seem in their clinic have gender reassignment. The more common treatment is hormonal puberty pause.
LRW: Puberty pause can have long term effects on reproductive function.
PGB: Vast majority consider fertility options, but what can be done depends on post code.
LRW: freezing eggs very unsuccessful, freezing sperm damaged, GR is not not reversible step.
JH: Are we moving too fast?
PGB: We are experiencing a flood of young people at the moment.