Just received this info from MedExpress. Sharing in case it is of use for anyone
Your body produces many hormones that affect your appetite, metabolism and blood sugar, which all have an effect on your weight. Letβs find out more about these hormones and how your GLP-1 medication can affect them.
Ghrelin
The hunger hormone
Ghrelin is produced in your gut when your stomach is empty and travels to your brain, telling it to feel hungry and seek out food. GLP-1s have the opposite effect to ghrelin, targeting receptors in your brain to reduce your appetite and make you feel full for longer.
Leptin
The satiety hormone
Leptin is produced by your bodyβs fat cells when you eat, sending signals to your brain that your body has enough energy and making you feel full. Some people with obesity may develop leptin resistance, where the brain doesnβt respond well to leptin signals, meaning you don't feel full even after eating. Thereβs some evidence that GLP-1s enhance your sensitivity to leptin, increasing satiety and reducing overeating.
Insulin
The blood sugar hormone
Insulin helps regulate your blood sugar levels and controls fat storage. When your blood sugar is high, your pancreas releases insulin to tell your body to store leftover glucose in your liver. Eating too many calories and having excess body fat can lead to insulin resistance, where your cells stop responding to insulin correctly. GLP-1 medication supports insulin production, helping lower your blood glucose after eating and reduce fat storage.
Cortisol
The stress hormone
Cortisol helps manage your bodyβs stress response, as well as increasing your blood sugar and reducing inflammation. High cortisol levels can promote overeating and may be linked to abdominal fat storage. A GLP-1 medication helps suppress your appetite, curbing stress-related food cravings.
Thyroid hormones
The metabolism hormones
Your thyroid gland produces the hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), which help regulate your weight, energy levels, body temperature and metabolism. An underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) can lead to weight gain.