Our DS gets remarkably little "homework" and he's in year 10 just started his GCSE years. For most subjects, it's finishing off whatever they were doing in class, i.e. last few questions on a worksheet or writing up a science experiment. For longer assignments, such as essays, or a presentation or a project, they usually have several days to do it. For tests, they usually have a week for revision.
It is more a matter of managing what "has" to be done "when" that is the art. My son was initially terrible at forward planning and constantly left things to the night before which did cause him stress and last minute panics, especially when he then got more homework the day before (as he'd ignored the homeworks set a few days before that now also needed doing that day). That did cause overloads.
The other thing is that my DS tried to do other things at the same time, which meant a 15 minute homework took an hour. So we make sure he concentrates and doesn't have distractions. (Not easy when we tell him to leave his Ipad alone but a homework requires him to research/complete on the internet!!). (Thanks, schools, for that!!).
Also, he now finds that he can complete the classroom tasks if he concentrates more and gets his head down in class rather than talking/daydreaming in class. These days, he has very few "finish what you didn't do in class" homeworks as he pushes himself to do it during the lesson, in the knowledge he has more time to himself in the evening. It is noticeable that he gets more homework from teachers in classes with lots of disruption etc and virtually none from the classes where the teacher maintains better discipline so they get more done in class.
Finally, when it comes to options, you need to factor homework into the mix. Eg, our son takes a long time to learn/revise languages, so even though he got high marks in 3 different languages and each teacher pushed him to do GCSEs, he only chose 1 to minimise the learning/revision homework. As the humanities subjects always took a lot of time, he only took 2 humanities instead of 3.
I think a lot of it is down to the child, organising themselves, doing as much as possible in class, and parents ensuring few distractions at home.