This is an interesting thread. I'll hold my hand up to say that I'm not the best timekeeper, though I'm nothing like as significantly late as some of the people who've been described on here.
I try hard to avoid lateness. Meeting friends I'd really be no more than 10 mins late, and that's when meeting in a place where they'll already be comfy and have things to do (for instance meeting up at their place/in a coffee shop for coffee and a walk at a weekend). If it was for something time-critical (for instance meeting them for a meal out) I'd be unlikely to be late at all. If it I was then it'd be less than 5 mins.
I have developed a bad habit of being late going into work, though. Context is that it's flexi-time (we have to start by 0930), it's quite relaxed, I work hard and they all know I've worked hundreds more in extra hours voluntarily than I've ever gained from being late, but I do wonder why I do it. It's not as though I don't enjoy the job, but in the last year I seem to manage to be up to 20 minutes late every day.
People have speculated above about lateness being caused by lack of respect, desire to be controlling and other stuff, but with me what happens is that I'll be reading something on my iPad and at the time I've mentally put aside to jump up and get into the shower I'll think "Hmm, I'll just read one more quick article and have one last cigarette". That inevitably takes longer than I tell myself it will, which is something I should know. I also do this on Sat mornings when I volunteer in a village shop, and open up at 0830. It's a 45 seconds walk from my front door, and I've generally been sitting around with coffee, cigarette and paper for at least 30 minutes before I have to get up to leave, but I'll still manage to get there either literally on time or a couple of minutes late every week.
Even though I'm not dreading the thing I'm moving onto it's as though I'd rather spend a little bit of extra time in my head instead, every single time. Could introversion be part of it for those of us who are habitually late? (I've no idea - I'm not a psychologist - but I've wondered about this.)