For us, it was treating our son like an adult right from day one really. We never went down the road of making up silly names for things, we called things what they were called, whether relatives, animals, toys, etc. We spent a hell of a lot of time 1-2-1 with him, never just stuck him in front of the telly or give him a tablet and leave him alone. We'd play cars and trains with him, do crafts and arts with him, watch tv with him, play computer games with him. We'd talk to him and tell him the itinery for the day, i.e. "we're going shopping straight after breakfast, then we're going to feed the ducks, then it'll be lunch time, and this afternoon, we're going to get the box of Brio out and set it all up in the lounge". We had pretty rigid routines, so he knew the plan so no unexpected surprises, good nor bad. Same with bed time, bath, stories and sleep every single night, in that order, at the same time. He could write and write before starting school, so that he was always "ahead of the curve" and never fell behind (that was OH's mantra as it's twice as hard to catch up if you fall behind). As he grew older, we kept the same routines, same philosophy of involving him, formal meal times around the dining table every day so we could ALL catch up together, he'd tell us about school, we'd tell him about our days, family news, etc. Homework straight after evening meal, done at the dining table - he knew he had to do it and once done, he could leave the dining table and do whatever he wanted. Kept that kind of structure right through his teen years. Ultimately, we gave him confidence in us - that we were never going to let him down, and that gave him the confidence to develop, take risks, etc knowing we were right behind him. Probably from the age of 12 or 13, basically as soon as he started secondary school really, he behaved and acted just like a mini adult, very mature, etc. He was an only child and had no close nieces, nephews nor cousins, so basically outside school, he spent most of his time with adults (us, grandparents, uncle, aunt, etc) - spending time with other children was very limited to school hours and occasional playing out/visits to school friends etc, but it was limited as we lived in a village with very few "local" kids so there was no local "tribe" to hang out with, so fewer opportunities to go off the rails really! Good in some ways, bad in others.