It’s (a) the current youth culture post-Covid
(b) the fees and the economy
Remember that full fees were only brought in from 2010, and for the first few years students were basically told by the Tory govt, the media etc. that it was basically a graduate tax. There were still maintenance loan and grant options on top. In 2016 the early repayment plans looked generous, and the full implications of incurring 60-100k of debt hadn’t really sunk in. The economic downturns and general pessimism about politics and the economic situation in the West following 2016 (Trump, Brexit, Covid, etc.) were yet to come.
Even ten years ago young people were more optimistic, felt like they would get interesting jobs and have good lives. This is not the case in 2026, where nearly all of them are gloomy, pessimistic, and feel very disconnected from the wider culture — especially the debacles of Brexit and the long Tory govt — and see fees as yet another example of how they are being used as cash cows to prop up an economy where other people overwhelmingly own the houses, gatekeep the jobs, and are politically disconnected from young people.
Covid also turned youth culture into one big self-obsessed online American-dominated whingefest, where young people are encouraged to ruminate in internet silos about “identity”, “overwhelm” and mental health. In my department we cut student workload to less than 50 percent of what the students were doing in 2016, but they actually complain way more about not being able to manage it. Students’ ability hasn’t changed in those ten years, but their overall outlook has.
Current 20 year olds were 10 when Trump came to power. No wonder the poor things are fed up. The world to them is one big post-Trump catastrophe, with everyone saying the arrival of AI is going to remove any remaining chance of them actually having a normal life. We could all do with bearing that in mind. Imagine you’d never really known the world before Trump and Brexit?
All this is a sideline from OP’s son, who I am sure will end the term feeling a lot happier and more confident!