Just because the lovely bushy asked here’s a quick and dirty summary of the book recommended by kuma ‘It Starts With The Egg’ by Rebecca Fett.
Disclaimer 1 - This is more or less what the book says as interpreted by me. I’m not saying if it’s right or wrong.
Disclaimer 2 - I am about £100 down from buying supplements after reading this book. You have been warned.
Author: has a degree in molecular biotechnology and biochemistry and has worked in genetics. Now works at a law firm where she analyses scientific and clinical evidence for biotech firms.
Theory: Egg quality can be affected by the environment the egg grows. You can improve egg quality by avoiding toxins and taking the right supplements. Some of this is not backed up by gold-standard clinical trials but the existing data and evidence does point towards particular supplements and if there is enough evidence that the supplements are safe then why not?
BPA / phthalates and other toxins - avoid these toxins which are found in plastics, till receipts, cleaning products and nail varnish. (I didn’t read these chapters as I know for a fact that I would end up even more menkul).
Prenatal multivits - take these. Folate is particularly important to prevent chromosomal errors and decrease an amino acid called homocysteine. B12 also helps with this. Antioxidants; vits A,C and E - not clear what they do for fertility but can’t hurt. Choose a good brand of vitamins.
Coenzyme Q10 - If you are going to take just one other thing for fertility then make it CoQ10. It’s a molecule in every cell in your body and helps make energy throughout the body by transferring electrons inside the mitochondria (aka: energy bits of the body cells). Age = damage to mitochondria so take CoQ10. Researchers in Italy found higher C0Q10 in follicles containing good-quality eggs. Ubiquinol version is more easily absorbed by the body and so you take less (100mg, 200mg 300mg - depending on how desperate your situation is).
Melatonin and antioxidants - if you are older, have PCOS or poor egg quality then antioxidants could help improve egg quality. Melatonin is proven to work but it is only really for IVF cases. Melatonin could disrupt ovulation if conceiving naturally. Other antioxidants not proven, but research is encouraging (Vit E, C alpha-lipoid acid)
Myo-inositol - could help in PCOS cases but use with caution if there is a history of mental illness.
DHEA - could help with diminished ovarian reserve. DHEA is a hormone precursor which helps the body produce some of the reproduction hormones. Research suggests it may help some IVFers increase quality and quantity of eggs produced. Only recommended for the tough cases; diminished ovarian reserve, over 40, poor responder. Used by many fertility clinics for the last 10 years or so, but no double-blind placebo-controlled trials so it is still classed as experimental rather than proven. Clinics use 25mg x 3 per day - if you’re not sure about using it then try just 25mg x1 per day.
Possibly harmful - pine bark / pycnogenol, the compounds are not naturally found in the body. Royal jelly - no proper research, allergens, the chemicals act like hormones and so the effects may be unpredictable. L’arginine - trials suggested it made ovaries/ uterus (not sure) more permeable which allowed hormones to get in too early leading to quick and variable follicle growth.
Mediterranean diet - eat this; sugar, wheat, carbohydrates = insulin = bad etc…
Sperm - you will need this to make a baby. Do not take orally, that’s pointless. Multi-vits to get A,C,E selenium, zinc, folic acid - antioxidants are important. If it’s really bad then add CoQ10. Antioxidants + Coq10 + B12 was found to improve all aspects of sperm and also the integrity of DNA.