If you got to the bacp website and go to 'find a therapist' you will see that actually most counsellors DO state what their approach is and all should be happy to discuss this with you if it's unclear, so that you can see what type of approach would be best for you and your situation.
Of course it's inappropriate to suggest counselling after a hospital screw-up, but that's hardly leads to the conclusion that counselling per se is rubbish does it??!!
I think there are very few counsellors who would suggest that counselling is the ONLY treatment for mental illness. It's ONE option among many.
The bottom line is that counselling will NEVER work for you if you don't want it, so if you go when you don't really want to, of course it's not going to work.
I can't help but think a lot of people here are missing the basic point about what counselling is - which yes, is difficult to define succinctly. But it is NOT about sitting around going 'yes, yes, there there' while the person is really struggling, or about going 'I see what you mean' to someone who is 'navel-gazing' as you call it.
I think 'counsellors' of some description have always existed, it's just that they've only relatively recently been given a name, a professional body and a code of ethics, etc.