I agree with the posters who say this is a very fundamental issue for your marriage (the money control, not the Vaseleine).
It is incredibly unfair that he clearly has so much more disposable income than you do, and it is obviously a display of power that he is making a big deal over such a small purchase.
Personally, all our money goes into a joint pot, and we spend as required. We discuss big purchases, but otherwise it is not an issue. I really don't understand the my money / your money attitude. However if you are both certain you want to retain some financial independence to be able to spend on froo froos without consulting the other, (and tbh, given the obvious cracks in your marriage at the moment, maybe it's not a bad idea) the fairer way would be to each have an equal amount of personal disposable income, with the remainder going to joint household finances. FWIW I would consider the purchase of a car, a joint expense, regardless of whether you didn't need a new one at the time.
It sounds from your posts that you want to continue in your marriage, but that you want some specific areas to change - if I understand right, the big areas are:
Money
The way he handles conflict - (lack of apologies, extended sulking)
Lack of support & recognition for your career
Have you considered going to Relate? It's not just for couples on the brink of divorce, and they can probably offer some good advice. It sounds as though these issues could end up getting bigger & bigger if left unresolved. (Just don't let him badger you into paying for the Relate sessions )
In terms of tonight & tomorrow, don't let him think he's annoying you. Don't hang around to be ignored - go out and enjoy yourself (or at least pretend to). When things calm down, breezily say 'Actually, I'm really glad you brought it up, I've been thinking for a while that we need to review our financial arrangements'