Director of a Trussell food bank here (they dropped the “Trust” last year). The vast majority of the Trussell network of food banks require a referral made by a professional organisation but not all (we are all independent charities who sit under the Trussell umbrella, so can - to an extent - decide our own rules, policies and criteria).
There used to be a general rule of thumb of 3 referrals in 6 months. That essentially went out of the window during COVID and many have not reimplemented it - although that is now changing as demand continues to be very high and donations are dropping off.
The referral process is hit and miss; some organisation are very thorough at assessing someone as they have the skills and capacity to do so (e.g. Citizens Advice, DWP, local council etc.) and do say no if they feel they don’t qualify, some other organisations simply put a referral through whenever one is requested. This does result in a small but prolific group of households who use the food bank regularly; some of whom are genuinely living in chronic poverty and some who have factored us into their monthly budget.
We ensure all our clients are connected up with as many organisations relevant to their circumstances as possible who can support them out of crisis and help them build some financial resilience, and we insist that those who use us both regularly and for a prolonged period of time engage positively with these organisations before we can support them further.
So whether a client is “pre-qualified” for a food bank referral, or it happens after a referral is received and a parcel provided, we eventually capture the information we need to either ensure a client is provided with all the support available, or discern those who are not in crisis or not actively helping themselves move out of crisis (if they are able to), or if they are in the vanishingly small group of people who are genuinely taking the piss (they don’t have to come to us many times for that to become apparent).
I don’t have an issue with food banks who don’t require a referral, as long as they are connecting their clients up with the appropriate wrap around support. What I don’t like to see is informal food banks who don’t address the root cause of their clients’ hardship and essentially perpetuate the problem (i.e. the sticking plaster approach).
Food pantries, community fridges and community supermarkets also exist, most of which don’t need a referral. Although often open to all, by default they are regularly used by those who need them most so I like to see that they make resources available (some leaflets or even a poster) signposting those using them to further support if needed.
If your friend is genuinely playing the system (i.e. accessing free food reserved for people in financial crisis) to reduce her food bill to allow her to go on an expensive holiday, then yes, she is absolutely in the wrong. To put this into context - we provide approx 5 tonnes in emergency food parcels each month, we receive 4 tonnes in donations. Where does the missing tonne come from? We have to buy it in.