This isn’t proof.
I work in an education faculty at a university so I’m very familiar with the research.
With regards nursery, you need to ensure that the research is reputable. I’ve seen many a poster on MN quote research from religious or political groups which which has an agenda around ‘traditional values’ so presents research in a way to support their views.
If you look at the reputable research then the overall message is the quality of the childcare provider is key.
For under 2’s childcare is neutral. Meaning it’s not beneficial but it’s not detrimental either (this is assuming a quality provider)
For over 2’s there are multiple benefits to be seen including social and educational. Children who attend a nursery or pre-school are typically more ‘school ready’ than those who haven’t.
In relation to longer term educational outcomes then the following can have an impact.
Socioeconomic status is shown to have an huge impact. Poverty is pretty much the most important factor in poor educational outcomes and this is linked to parental education and employment.
High quality early education can also have a positive impact of future outcomes.
School - attending a good quality school. These two factors are also linked to socioeconomic status as good nurseries and schools are often (but not always) in more affluent areas.
Supportive home environment is of course important.
Access to resources and extra curricular activities (again, linked to socioeconomic factors)
There is no evidence that a SAHP is beneficial to educational outcomes . It’s far more complex and is actually linked to the home environment rather just having a parent at home.
There is increasing evidence that a mothers employment is beneficial for educational outcomes (particularly in girls) and it’s the parental involvement overall that is key rather than whether they are working or not.
Interestingly, I have a team of academic staff who teach on early years education courses and childhood studies and they all used childcare and returned to work. Make of that what you will!