All of the above.
As the mother of a son, both I and his father have tried to raise him by example. One example is that once gym rules say boys are too old to use female changing facilities then they no longer use them, simple as that. The onus is on us to work around this, not on women and girls to shut up, budge over and cede over their space.
There are many, many mothers I see breaking this rule.
Of course I think my delightful 10-year old boy is lovely. He has chores and has not been raised to believe a woman's place is to skivvy after him. They are small examples but, I think, are important. But I also worry very seriously about the kind of influences he'll be exposed to, particularly once he starts secondary school. Parents can do so much but we don't raise kids in a vacuum. Nor can we protect them from the www forever.
The attitude of 'how dare you say these things - my son is wonderful!' Is ultimately not doing boys any favours: it's perpetuating a very entrenched cycle. I love my son
and for that very reason don't want him growing up to be the kind of man who adds to that horrifying statistic. Who would?
Yet the statistic undeniably exists. These men, these perpetrators, were once somebody's beloved little boys: we changed their nappies, watched their first steps, helped them learn to read, nurtured and loved them.
Shoving your fingers in your ears and shouting 'la, la, la, not my Nigel' is going to do nothing to change this state of affairs. It saddens and terrifies me in equal measure.