@noblegiraffe
"I thought Iran weren't aware of what Hamas were planning on October 7th and their support has been far more low-key than Hamas were hoping for. Hezbollah have also been a bit half-arsed in their support.
I don't think Iran want all-out war."
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It is important to distinguish between controlling and supporting.
To begin with Iran not only supplied weapons and training to its so called "ring of fire" (Hezbollah, Hamas, Houthi, various groups in Iraq etc) but it also had a degree of control over their actions.
But now these groups tend to act on their own but within the general aims / views shared by Iran of hating Israel, US and the UK. As such whilst Iran probably didn't have advance warning of the 7th October attacks they equally didn't mind when they did and the same goes for Hezbollah.
That said by attacking Israel, Hamas has provided a common cause / enemy (Israel/ US/UK) amongst these disparate groups. And the only thing that these groups like more than fighting each other is fighting against the West.
I genuinely don't think Iran has a single master plan or strategy in supporting these groups. But rather that sowing chaos, discord and instability amongst its neighbours is a net win for them because it prevents a stable united front against Iran. In short any instability in the Middle East is a benefit to Iran.
What is a new development is the rise of the "western useful idiots" often wrapped up with conspiracy theory nut jobs that unwittingly or wittingly support this Iranian strategy, who self hate the West but by doing so they are eroding the western values that allow them the freedom of expression in the first place.