I ended up giving up work after our twins arrived as childcare costs outstripped earnings if I stayed.
We used nursery in the early years until our eldest started school. They did half days and my parents picked them up after lunch.
When it got to early school years, I simply couldn't work. The school mine attended simply wasn't big enough in terms of numbers for wrap around care to work. Many full time working parents used a childminder to do drop off and pick up as at least that was continuity, and the child went to the minders during the extensive school holidays as well - even splitting leave 50/50 between parents rarely covers the whole holiday period each year. And that's assuming employers allow everyone to have the school holiday leave they need (most don't).
As mine got older, I made friends with school gate mums and when we got jobs, we did an assorted cover of pick up and drop off. We all worked school hours and term time only. Breakfast club and the odd after school club helped, but the latter was not guaranteed to have space as it was enrichment rather than childcare.
Some parents opted for compressed hours so they worked a full time week in 4 days. Often the lions share fell on mums
I was lucky when I went back to work as I took a term time only school job so had all the holidays at home. Dh took the odd extra day where my school was back and the kids were off.
Tbh, it got easier to work when they all hit secondary school as now I can trust them to be home alone until I get back from work. We all leave the house at the same time time and during holidays I have a mix of work from home, annual leave and dh's shifts so the kids might only be home 'alone' (eldest nearly 16 and very capable) for a day or 2 most weeks during the longer holidays.
My sister relied on family to fill the gap between school and her arriving home.
It's damn near impossible unless you either earn enough to pay for wrap around care, or can budget it for a few years sacrificing other things, or have a network of friends and family you can share the load with.
I did my fair share of babysitting friends kids for whole days when my kids were younger and I was a sahm, just to help friends and family who were utterly stuck.