I think most people who go into STEM careers need their degrees. I couldn’t have had my career without my chemistry degree, nor could my db without his hydrology doctorate , or my other brother with his engineering degree. My youngest son couldn’t do what he does currently without his masters in a very specialist science area.
my eldest son has a history degree- matters not a jot what degree was in, but got onto civil service fast track straight form uni that has given him a flying first 9 years in work - couldn’t have done that without a good career
but he knows, and I knew loads of folks through work, where kids come out of uni with degrees that don’t give them any head start and end up struggling to get work in anything other than temp, contract roles for years or in jobs they don’t need a degree for. I think it’s a big difference between those that went to uni pre deregulation of university, and those that went post Tony Blair’s big expansion where, frankly, a lot of kids would have been better not to go and get straight into work
ive met lots of folks without degrees in my life - and I agree success is not down to having a degree. It is down to, imho, having capability, abilities to learn, drive, tanacity and a tolerance for boredom/routine slog . But in a lot of fields that goes hand in hand with having a degree. And in many fields you shouldn’t bother with a degree at all - and maybe take an apprentice route
And yes there are many “clever” people with degrees that are just pants at working outside academia and lack any common sense . I’ve met a few with phDs that seem utterly stupid frankly 🤷🏼♀️ But I’ve met a lot of amazingly intelligent people who flunked school.
on balance, for most “average” people having a degree, in long term , does mean better prospects in the long run. But it’s an average.