It has been very interesting to live in the Middle East and it has definitely broadened and shifted my views on many things. Qatar is very multicultural so even though it is predominantly Muslim, the Muslim population is from dozens of countries. The Muslim population is mostly made up of nationals (Qatari), arabs from MENA nations, South Asians (India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka), East Africans (Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia), South East Asians (Philippines, Indonesia), and a smattering of other countries (Iran, Turkey, etc).
The interpretations of modesty and appropriate dress here are vast. There is no one understanding. Although women are subserviant / submissive to men in Islam, they are not inferior, and how that subserviance is enacted varies greatly by household. Arab and Muslim women here are far more dominant, assertive, outspoken, opinionated, and argumentative than I ever thought I would see in an Islamic country. They are not submissive in a quiet, passive, obedient way but more in following the tenets of Islam and submitting to the teachings and 'rules' of Allah and Islam. Many women are quite devout in their faith and are mostly focused on what Allah would think and what is required of them within Islam and not as concerned about what men would think. While there are very conservative families where the women are more tightly controlled, that is not the majority of them at all. When it comes to swimming, the different beaches and pools here have varying dress codes so women can go where they want and wear what they want. I can go to a beach who no dress code and wear a bikini if I want and there are also beaches that require women to cover. There are also women only beaches where Muslim women wear typical one and two piece swim suits as there are no men on the beach. Same with pools. There are companies that make sporty hijabs and burkinis that are more suitable for female athletes who need aerodynamic gear. There is nothing unhygenic about a burkini - it is just more fabric. Just like a one piece isn't more unhygenic than a bikini!