I live abroad and there's a word which doesn't translate into English very well, for the work a parent does in nurturing and "raising" their children - it's the same word used instead of the word teacher for qualified early years (3-7 year old here) teachers. I do think that a good professional is doing part of the work of raising any child in their care for more than 3 or 4 hours per week.
To qualify to work with 3-7 year olds you study pedagogy, medicine, psychology, sociology, this untranslatable word meaning something like "nurturing and bringing up children", the national language, care, law, as well as cookery, "play", handicrafts with the slant on things like art as therapy as well as for development of motor skills, music, child development etc. A sahm is (whether they actively think if it or not) using all those areas of knowledge as best they can to "bring up" their child, and surely when choosing child care or an infant school a parent hopes the key person in charge of their child will be too!
If you put your child into school at 4, or child care at 7 months, the adult you entrust your child to had better be doing some raising of your child! If not your child is only being raised in the evening and at weekends...
I've heard people claim that it's better for children to go to nursery than be home with a parent til age 3 or 4, and then claim nursery doesn't contribute to raising their child... The two things don't add up.
Really some people try to have it all ways to make themselves feel superior, or indeed just to live with themselves.