A separate thread by someone who doesn't take issue with Mattis' language
The biggest challenge North Korea's recent nuclear & missile moves pose is alliance reassurance not deterrence. Let me explain. 1/
Prior to North Korea's development of an ICBM, potentially with a city-busting warhead, extended deterrence was not a major challenge. 2/
If NK attacked South Korea (ROK) or Japan, the US could escalate all the way up to nuclear war without risks to the US homeland. 3/
That not only made extended deterrence (i.e., preventing a North Korean attack on US allies) easier, but crucially… 4/
...the relative invulnerability of the US homeland reassured anxious allies we would indeed come to their defense if an attack happened. 5/
Reassurance, in turn, reduced incentives for the ROK & Japan to seek their own nukes or accelerate a destabilizing arms race in E Asia. 6/
But if North Korea completes an ICBM with a deliverable nuclear warhead, it changes things by putting the US homeland at risk. 7/
During the Cold War, the extended deterrence/reassurance question was whether the US would be willing to trade “Boston for Berlin.” 8/
Now the project of a nuclear-armed North Korean ICBM creates a "San Francisco for Seoul" problem that must be overcome. 9/
This will require a clear "declaratory policy" specifying the nature of US retaliatory commitments in the event an ally is attacked. 10/
Mattis's comments today provide a good example of careful.
Trump's "fire & fury, "locked & loaded," & other comments hinting at preventive war? Not so much.
Extended deterrence is also helped by US "tripwire" forces in ROK, perhaps buttressed by other deployments, & careful nuclear signaling. 13/
Because tens of thousands of US troops are in South Korea, if Kim Jong-Un launches a big war, it will kill inevitably kill Americans. &…14/
…in the event of such an attack, US forces can dominate escalation all the way up to & across the nuke threshold, even with a NK ICBM. 15/
Kim Jong-Un knows all this. And, even though he is a mass murderer, he wants to survive. So he can be deterred. 16/
www.economist.com/news/leaders/21725768-there-are-no-good-options-curb-kim-jong-un-blundering-war-would-be-worst-how
US theatre & national missile defenses, if effective, can also help ext det by creating doubt in NK that the US homeland is vulnerable. 17/
So, I'm less concerned about the deterrence challenges & more worried about alliance management & reassurance. Why? 18/
Because even though steps to bolster ext deterrence theoretically help reassure the ROK&Japan, a lot of reassurance comes down to trust. 19/
Our allies have to believe we would trade San Francisco for Seoul or Toledo for Tokyo if push comes to shove. 20/
Yet instead of reassuring our democratic allies in East Asia, Trump has done the opposite. 21/
Trump's preventive war bluster sends the signal that we'd rather have a war now because it will primarily kill Asians, not Americans. 22/
Indeed, Trump reportedly told Lindsay Graham, "if thousands die, they’re going to die over there," not here.
www.vox.com/world/2017/8/1/16075198/trump-lindsey-graham-north-korea-war
Meanwhile Trump compounds distrust problems by tweeting before consulting, labeling Seoul "appeasers," &...24/
...by threatening to rip up the US-South Korean trade agreement to play to his base. www.nytimes.com/2017/09/02/world/asia/us-south-korea-trade.html?mcubz=1 … 25/
Undermining alliance solidarity at this moment is dumb & dangerous. It emboldens Pyongyang, increases the risk of NK miscalculation, &...26/
...potentially incentivizes the ROK & Japan to seek their own independent nuclear arsenals. www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/north-korea/2017-09-01/caught-middle … 27/
& remember that candidate Trump actually said ROK & Japanese nukes would be a good thing. So there's that. www.nytimes.com/2016/03/29/world/asia/donald-trump-arms-race.html?mcubz=1 … 28/
So, Trump needs to stop attacking US allies& tweeting before meeting or talking with them. (I know, dream on.) 29/
Trump also needs to stop talking about preventive war. www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/north-korea/2017-08-22/take-preventive-war-north-korea-table?cid=int-lea&pgtype=hpg … 30/
& the Admin needs to speak w/one voice before confusion splits US from its allies, produces a war, or both. www.nytimes.com/2017/08/31/opinion/trump-north-korea.html?emc=eta1&_r=0 … 31/31