"Are their spirited adults too? Are prisons full of spirited adults?"
Actually yes.
Children described as spirited by their parents (and naughty, brats and little shits by some
) often have an as yet undiagnosed disability, like ASD, ADHD, things like that that you can't easily see, which leads to nasty judgement from those who have little understanding.
So yes, of course adults can be like this, or at least, they can have these conditions which (if undiagnosed and unsupported) can lead to self medication (drugs, alcohol), severe lack of self esteem, mental health issues etc. I can assure you it's not a barrel of laughs.
There are estimates of a very high proportion of young prisoners, young offenders etc having undiagnosed (and therefore unsupported) disabilities which leads to risky and anti social behaviour.
OP, you mention attachment disorder, but unless there has been serious neglect, this is very unlikely, although it is the diagnosis du jour and used with far more frequency when various experts don't have enough experience to identify autism and ADHD, coupled with them using documents with tick boxes which are as reliable and ambiguous as tarot cards and subject to individual opinion.
Someone mentioned reading The Explosive Child by Ross Greene, this is an excellent book and may give you an insight that she's not acting out of naughtiness or lack of discipline, it is more likely to be a result of her neurology, even if there is no diagnosis to be had.
You could also look up PDA parenting methods, as these can really help. If you look at The PDA society website there's some information there about strategies, even if you don't think PDA is an issue, the strategies can help children who don't naturally fit in with current "good parenting" techniques.