The question was about the UK as a country tolerant of children: I think this thread (and many on MN) show that there are a great many people who tolerate children only when they are behaving as mini-adults.
There are huge amounts of structured developmental activities for children in the UK but IMO this does not excuse poor manners towards children by some adults in public places.
I see babies all the time who smile at strangers and are met with stony faces, it annoyed me long before I had a child. It's another human being trying to communicate with you, a second of eye contact and a brief smile won't cost the earth. Some adults push in front of children in queues, sigh and roll their eyes at the slightest of noises, scowl and generally behave in an abominable manner to children. "I just don't like kids" is an acceptable thing to say about another member of society - delete kid and insert "Asians" or "blacks" or "the disabled" and see how reasonable the same statement sounds. It's just silly to lump a group of individuals under one label and dismiss them, though of course people do.
Similarly, it is as unreasonable to be horrified at a 10 month old banging a spoon on a table, a 2 year old who manages to outsmart their parent and make a dash for the door and get under your feet for a brief second of time or a 3 year old chattering on a long train journey as it is to be disgusted by cultural practices that are different to your own. Suck it up, you're a grown up.
If a child is truly behaving badly e.g. running wildly around a store, your issue is really with their parents anyway, isn't it? Unless they are old enough to really understand what they are doing, in which case be as intolerant as you like.
I went to Ireland recently and was shocked at how much attention my 8 month old received: proper attempts to respond to his smiles and flirtatious glances and bibble babble. Here, I would say that there are more occasions that he is ignored than not. It seems to me the only time I ever had so much interaction with strangers here in the UK was when I had a puppy
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I don't know if this says anything about the UK or if it is more to do with larger urban communities, but I have noticed it as a trend in my interactions with others.