It's a mixture of things.
PM's who want to be popular and keep their jobs and so don't make the hard decisions that the country needs (or tries to but then reverses them at the outcry)
A lack of hope for youngsters because house prices are so high compared to average wages. Combined with ease of claiming benefits and lack of jobs (no growth). Leading to a huge amount of youngsters not working, not learning social skills and locked in their bedrooms on the internet.
Economic doom loop. We have little growth due to policies of high tax to try to cover high spending. This in turn is demanding more borrowing each month and thus spending increases the next month as more interest to pay. We need lower taxes to encourage work and investment in the UK. We need a huge reform of welfare to decrease the cost and encourage people to work.
People in general are angry at certain topics. Immigration is out of control whether it's legal or illegal. The country is bursting at the seams. Roads are too busy. Houses are built close together so everyone has more noise to endure. Wages are static and costs going up. People see lots of people getting benefits while they work for a living and feel angry and resentful. They see immigrants getting houses while they are stuck renting. They is a huge feeling of injustice leading to demonstrations and unrest.
Lack of law and order. No enough frontline police (hard to say whether it's because they are all in back office jobs or the police force just needs more hard cash). Lots of crimes not being dealt with now - shoplifting and antisocial behaviour. Even when caught the penalties are so low that they don't care. Front line police quitting in droves due to difficult jobs, violence from public and they are hamstrung over politically correct policies they have to adhere to. Combined with low pay for the stress and danger they face police have had to lower their standards for recruiting. Jails are full it seems and due to funds we can't afford to build more. We need much stricter law and order and higher penalties/sentencing. If we can't afford more prisons then we should just go back to putting more prisoners into each cell. Too many rights for criminals.
Our healthcare system is not coping with the high population, high demands and ever continuing new medication/treatments available thus increasing costs. No politician wants to tackle the sacred cow of the NHS even though it needs reformed. This would be a huge job and would lead to lots of public outcry. By the same token lots of people do recognise the nhs is needing reformed and are sick of being on waiting lists, struggling to get a GP appointment. We seem to bring in doctors from abroad while our own trained doctors have no work. People abuse the NHS leading to missed appointments. Lots of inefficiency in such a big system.
School and Education - we made all the youngsters go to uni so we now have a glut of useless degrees. Meanwhile we have hardly any tradesman. Every 2nd kid seems to be disabled/extra needs now. Not sure why - ultra processed food, social media, woman having babies older? Teachers can't cope with all the extra needs. Huge costs to send these children to special schools with little return to the economy for the cost. These children often on benefits for life. Difficult decisions needed re how much we should spend on this area given the lack of return financially and the country's financial mess. No-one prepared to have a sensible discussion on the topics (see mumsnets continuing cries of the disabled being left in the gutter or sent to the workhouse). Care in the community costs a fortune and does not work.
Older population means more costs to NHS, higher pensions as they are claimed longer. Huge social care costs as people are kept alive for long times with little quality of life. Going around in circles over assisted dying rules as nobody wants to be responsible for killing 'the grannies'
We sold off all our industries for short term cash which has now run out so no cash and no industries. Thus we lack employment plus overpay for services such as energy. We sold off parts of the NHS to PFI giving cash in short term but now costing more longer term. We sold off our council houses cheaply to give everyone a roof over their head but having done that are still responsible for housing everyone with kids and so pay high rents to private landlords. Crazy policies that benefited us in the short term, gave us a cash boost. Now however all the chickens are coming home to roost.
In short we need some very tough decisions to be made that are stuck to and not reversed. We need lots of tough police to deal with any outcry. We need lower taxes to encourage growth and work and investment. We need bare bones welfare so everyone works. We need to reform the NHS and make it co-pay. We need to accept disabled children cost alot and return nothing and deal with accordingly. We need to scrap the triple lock and increase the pension age. We need to stop treating people with certain diseases over a certain age and put them to sleep with kindness and compassion. We need to decrease out debt to lower the interest bill. We need to show the bond markets we know how to make tough decisions so they charge us less interest as we return the UK to financial viability. We need to visibly deport people and adhere to strict policies about who gets in.
In short we need tough, brutal decisions where everybody has to be more accountable for themselves. We need to accept there is going to be a period of hardship and change. We need to have PM's who are smart and tough and don't give a shit about being popular. We need to stop giving 'rights' and 'entitlements' to so many people at the cost of the taxpayer. We need to return respect and manners and make hard work pay. We need to see crimes dealth with promptly and properly.
I predict the next PM will tinker about the edges more and everything will continue in the same pattern. He will get voted out. It will continue until something drastic happens - the bond markets force the issue or the IMF have to take over. We also have changing world order and the threat of an overinflated stock market with the AI bubble. Both these factors may speed up the 'big bang' in the UK.