For anyone who is interested to understand that male people who go through any part of male puberty have male physical advantages that are not removed with any treatment of transition. In fact, there is ample evidence out there now that shows that even years and years of treatment will not remove the male pubertal advantage. I mean, how can it when you cannot shrink a skeleton and you cannot change your hip placement or your q angles.
You also do not change your bone density to that of a female person, a male skull will always be stronger than a female skull unless there is a specific bone density issue that is not related to treatment for gender dysphoria.
Anyway, here is a place to start:
From Dr Hilton and T Lundberg. This contains great information and quantifies some of the differences. You will find this study is very well referenced by many who use the findings to explain male pubertal advantage.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-020-01389-3
Transgender Women in the Female Category of Sport: Perspectives on Testosterone Suppression and Performance Advantage
Abstract: Males enjoy physical performance advantages over females within competitive sport. The sex-based segregation into male and female sporting categories does not account for transgender persons who experience incongruence between their biological sex and their experienced gender identity. Accordingly, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) determined criteria by which a transgender woman may be eligible to compete in the female category, requiring total serum testosterone levels to be suppressed below 10 nmol/L for at least 12 months prior to and during competition. Whether this regulation removes the male performance advantage has not been scrutinized. Here, we review how differences in biological characteristics between biological males and females affect sporting performance and assess whether evidence exists to support the assumption that testosterone suppression in transgender women removes the male performance advantage and thus delivers fair and safe competition. We report that the performance gap between males and females becomes significant at puberty and often amounts to 10–50% depending on sport.
The performance gap is more pronounced in sporting activities relying on muscle mass and explosive strength, particularly in the upper body. Longitudinal studies examining the effects of testosterone suppression on muscle mass and strength in transgender women consistently show very modest changes, where the loss of lean body mass, muscle area and strength typically amounts to approximately 5% after 12 months of treatment. Thus, the muscular advantage enjoyed by transgender women is only minimally reduced when testosterone is suppressed. Sports organizations should consider this evidence when reassessing current policies regarding participation of transgender women in the female category of sport.
This second study is from Harper et al.
bjsm.bmj.com/content/early/2021/02/28/bjsports-2020-103106
Conclusions are in line with Hilton & Lundberg.
For information (considering many people will seek to discredit based on alleged bias) Harper is the transwoman who has released some sports studies in the past that had some methodology issues.
There is plenty of other evidence, just ask.