It's pretty simple why many women (in the original sex based meaning) find your perspective on women regressive and anti-feminist.
As a Jewish person you will be aware of things have been held to be "true" about Jewish people which Jewish people rightly reject and which society in general no longer believes.
Now imagine someone has a Jewish mother, genuinely holds all the beliefs of Judaism and observes all the traditions of Judaism, but refuses to be called Jewish because Jewish people are [insert one of those prejudiced and outmoded beliefs].
As a Jewish person, would you not consider that person to be incorrect in their view of what it is to be Jewish? Would you not, in fact, find it pretty offensive that people not only do not challenge this person's claim of being Not Jewish but actually nod along and agree "yes, I see what you mean, thank you for eduating me, I understand the true nature of Jewish people and why you are not such a person better now"?
So it is with women. We understand ourselves to be all sorts of different personalities, linked only by the fact we all have a female body. To us that is all that "woman" means.
So when you claim you, with the same female body, cannot be a "woman" because of some personal association you have with the word that is nothing to do with how we understand ourselves, and in fact seems to us regressive and sexist given that it brings back old ideas that women and men's minds are fundamentally different and suited to different things, those of us who simply understand "woman" to mean "human with a female body", something that you also are, just think "of course you are".
Do you see? Your personal definition of womanhood may be meaningful to you, but it is not meaningful to us. And therefore, to us, you simply are a woman, because the definition of Woman by which we know ourselves, the single definig and only criterion that makes us women is also true of you. And this is true whether you accept that word or not. We are still the same.
(Tl;dr: To say "I'm female bodied but I'm not a woman" is like saying "I live on the thid planet from the sun but I don't live on Earth". You may not like the word, you may have your own personal defintion that makes what you say true in your mind, but the reality is still the same. The thing the word "woman" labels is still you whether you accept the label or not, because it is a fact of the material body not a choice in the mind.)