Here is the cut and pasted section of the Hate Crime Act, section 4, stirring up hatred:
1)A person commits an offence if—
(a)the person—
(i)behaves in a manner that a reasonable person would consider to be threatening, abusive or insulting, or
(ii)communicates to another person material that a reasonable person would consider to be threatening, abusive or insulting ...
Accompanying Guidance:
'it is an offence for a person to behave in a manner that a reasonable person would consider to be threatening or abusive, or to communicate to another person material that a reasonable person would consider to be threatening or abusive, with the intention to stir up hatred against a group of persons based on the group being defined by reference to one of the listed characteristics. The phrase “a reasonable person would consider” in section 4(2)(a)(i) and (ii) makes it clear that an objective standard is to be applied as to whether the behaviour or material referred to is threatening or abusive.
42.Section 4(7)(a) makes it clear that a person’s behaviour for the purpose of section 4(1)(a)(i) and (2)(a)(i) includes behaviour of any kind and, in particular, things said (therefore the spoken word, unrecorded speech) or otherwise communicated (e.g. displaying a poster, placard or banner; the printed media on the internet through websites, email, blogs, podcasts etc.), as well as things done by the person.
43.Section 4(7)(b) also provides that, for the purpose of that section, the person’s behaviour may consist of a single act or a course of conduct.
44.Section 4(8) defines the different ways in which a person may communicate material to another person for the purposes of an offence under section 4. The different ways in which a person may communicate material to another person are by:
Displaying, publishing or distributing the material e.g. on a sign; on the internet through websites, blogs, podcasts, social media etc., either directly, or by forwarding or repeating material that originates from a third party; through printed media such as magazine publications or leaflets, etc.
Giving, sending, showing or playing the material to another person e.g. through online streaming, by email, playing a video, through public performance of a play, etc.
Making the material available to another person in any way e.g. through the spoken word, the written word, electronic communications, etc. either directly (as the originator of the material), or by forwarding or repeating the material.
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2021/14/notes/division/2/3/1/1