Hi again @SpookyFBI. Going to rush this a bit, as should be working (miserable on a Sunday, I know), and anticipate the thread filling up before I reply (maybe we need a follow-up thread with the same encouraging title, now that it's become somewhat less ironic?)
"Whereas I think you see trans women as men who have a different identity, so you concede to using ‘trans woman’ out of politeness, but ultimately see ‘trans identifying male’ as more correct." This is absolutely the case. I'd have thought this would be my right, not least as my perception in this area directly shapes decisions I make relating to my safety and well-being. I find it, frankly, little short of terrifying that society is telling me that my perception of reality is not only objectively wrong, but fundamentally unethical.
The same-sex marriage one is interesting. I need to give this more thought, but my first instinct is to say that what was (perceived as) "lost" here by some groups and individuals related to value judgements made in relation to a social construct (same-sex marriage as undermining the Christian concept of marriage, and therefore, by extension, the validity of their own marriage). What we fear we're losing is, conversely, the right to perceive objective scientific truth in the name of upholding our fundamental human needs and rights ("the security of person", standards of"degrading treatment" as defined in the Geneva Convention re. imprisonment) - and also, arguably, "the right to recognition as a person before the law", and, especially, "freedom of thought" (see my second paragraph above).
Re: "But I think that rather than saying ‘biological men shouldn’t be in women’s prisons in order to protect women from sexual assault’ and leaving the discussion at that, I think it’s worth probing further. Ideally, everyone should be protected from sexual assault.", I'm afraid this feels like a bit of a red herring / logical fallacy (can't recall which). By this I mean that my focussing on women's safety in prisons doesn't exclude the possibility of my being concerned about everyone more generally. The fact is, though, that the stats show that women are proportionately far more likely to be subject to attack by men, especially sexual, than by other women, and have a physical disadvantage that makes them more vulnerable to severe injury/death (& pregnancy) in this context. I'm honestly not sure how concern re: violence in prisons generally can serve as a counter argument to the (Geneva Convention standard of) sex-segregated prisons as one step towards resolving this wider issue.