As a previous poster has said, there has been research that shows that babies who are in the NICU or whose mother is in ICU/can’t hold them for some days may have attachment issues, and cry less because they are used to their most basic need - contact with their mum - met.
It seems obvious to me that this will apply to a baby born to a surrogate, who doesn’t get to spend those essential first days and weeks with their mum.
But the big difference is that, in the first instance, the separation of mum and baby is essential, either for the baby’s health or the mum’s - so the risk of attachment issues and trauma from the separation is the lesser of two evils.
But in the case of surrogacy, that trauma, that separation and its associated risks, are being deliberately inflicted on the baby just so that two adults can fulfil their desire to have a newborn ‘of their own’.
The theory of the fourth trimester is something that I don’t think was around - certainly wasn’t well known - when I had my babies in the 90s, but it makes absolute sense to me.
The baby has spent 9 months inside their mum, and in the later stages of pregnancy will have heard her heartbeat and her voice.
She is their safe haven, the only thing they have ever known, and just being born is a massive change - from the warm, dark, amniotic fluid filled, tightly held world of the womb to a bright, noisy, colder world where they can move their arms and legs in a way which is very unusual for them - because they are no longer curled up inside mum.
We know that this is a shocking change, so we swaddle babies, and mums cuddle them close to themselves, so they can hear mum’s heartbeat, and are reassured by her presence and smell.
The fourth trimester is a period of transition, from the warm, secure world of the womb, to the outside world - and surely it is better for babies if this transition is made as gentle and gradual as possible?
If a baby has to be separated from mum, there are things that can be done to help them - putting things that smell of mum next to them, keeping the NICU as quiet as possible, and reducing the bright lighting if you can.
To me, it seems that surrogacy takes away the single biggest reassurance that a baby should have during the fourth trimester - their mum, and I cannot see how that can be a good thing.