LeninGrad - you have just triggered a thought in my mind - which is not very well thought out, but has been lingering at the back of my mind for a while now. So this may not make much sense.
I am part african, part european. My african experiance of family is far more extended than the traditional 'nuclear family' of the west. People who are strangers (I literally have no idea who they are) in the UK, are close family in africa (i.e. the children of my grandmothers second cousin!). Notion of family and childcare is more fluid and it is accepted that you will have other people being very, very involved in your childrens childcare and from an early age.
If you are woman and you work (which is pretty much all women be it in the market, domestic work, owning a business or employed by a company) - rich or poor - as a woman it is not unusual not to have some kind of support in place (or to be the support for someone else at one point in your life).
I really struggled with one UK based SIL (who is lovely) - who was very clear once she married that my brother that he was part of new primary family and we had to step back. Culturally it was a big shock for me ( and still doesn't entirely make sense to me), particularly it appeared to me to make their lives harder. I see similar discussions on MN alot and understand that the general consensus is closer to my SIL's viewpoint than mine.
If the societal construct of what parenting includes is more fluid to include other people, would that relieve some of the 'mothers guilt' we are all subjected to? Not on an exploitative basis - but as part of what a society/community does for each more the norm - would remove the 'all or nothing debate'? For example, a member of my family lives with me and is paid to do the 'au pair/nanny' role. So I pay her, provide accomodation and food - but also I support her in career decision making, education decisions and other things, we live like sisters (she teaches me about current fashion/music/hair styles). She will not live with me forever, but we both benefit from the arrangement rather than a staight employer/employee relationship (and the kids do too).
Not that structural/legislative/flexible working implementation changes don't need to happen - I was just interested in it from a cultural perspective.