Hi OP
Firstly, I'm really sorry to hear that you have been having such a difficult time at the moment, and that by the sounds of it, it has been going on for a long time.
I know you've had lots of advice on here already, some of which is excellent. I just wanted to post too as I have a slightly different perspective which I thought might be interesting - though its for you to decide whether its helpful :)
I went to boarding school at 10 - for only 2 years - because my parents lived abroad at that time. Until recently I honestly did not think that it had had a particularly significant effect on me, and certainly not one that had any untoward effect on my relationships.
However, having started family therapy as a minor add-on for some significant anxiety issues my DS was experiencing, I have come to realise that it was a much bigger deal that I had previously thought. My DH and I have also come to see that our relationship can be so much better for both of us if we can work on the various issues we have from our own pasts, and change the way we relate to one another. We are now having quite intensive (1-2 times a week) couples therapy. It is really hard at times, but hugely rewarding.
Although I really hope (am fairly confident) that I have not hurt my DH to the degree that your DH is hurting you, I can, sadly, really relate to some of the ways your DH is behaving.
I completely agree with the (fairly few) posters who have linked his behaviour with his early childhood experiences (boarding school at 7, parental split at 9) - which sounds like it was extremely traumatic for him - even if he may not be able to recognise that trauma for himself.
I have been overly critical of my very lovely DH and until very recently I could not see that the issues in our marriage were as much (if not more) due to my issues rather than anything he did or didn't do or was/wasn't.
I briefly looked at your much earlier thread which someone had linked and saw that your DH had talked about being neglected by you when your children arrived. I felt something like this too, when my first child was born - even though I was the main carer. Looking at this again with the help of a therapist I realise that this feeling has its roots (at least in part) in the lack of nurture which I received as a child. I can certainly see how your DH might have similar issues given the little I know of his early experiences.
None of this should be taken to mean that I think your DH should be excused his behaviour, or that you should stay in your marriage.
I completely agree with those who say you owe it to yourself (and ultimately probably your children) to leave a relationship which has no hope of improving from where it is now. It sounds pretty horrible for you. Though I don't underestimate how difficult and terrifying that route probably seems right now.
I can see that your husband has a long pattern of behaving unkindly towards you. I'm not sure whether underneath this he has enough redeeming features to make it worth the effort of trying to rescue your marriage? Is he basically a nice person or not? You could try making a list of what you do like/love about him perhaps.
If you do feel that underneath the difficulties in your marriage now there is a good, kind person there, then I would ask the next question: Is your husband is willing to join you in (reasonably intensive) couples therapy? If so then my experience is that it can be hugely life-improving.
Now I am starting to see where our issues come from (and that we both have personal issues to work on) that I am able to change my behaviour. It is not easy and I have always been very committed to the therapy process (my DH has been willing to attend but initially at least found the idea quite hard to commit to in practice - he has at times found it very hard). It is vitally important that both you and your DH are willing to give it a go - it is not a process that you can do without commitment from both partners. Even then, you do not know the outcome you will reach - but at least you will have developed a greater understanding of yourself which will stand you in very good stead, whichever direction your life takes in the future.
Good luck in whatever you decide to do xx