I don't think it's as simple as being vulnerable to it because of childhood or low self-esteem, etc.
I can think of lots of perfectly well-balanced women, with happy childhoods, functional families and successful jobs who still put up with men who, IMO, are unworthy of them. Some of them are abusive, some are not, but all of them have a higher status than their wives who reinforce it through a multitude of different habits that society portrays as completely normal and even desirable.
Any woman who says she can't understand why women 'put up with it' but finds herself guilty of doing 51% or more of the domestic chores/childcare is potentially guilty of throwing stones from the proverbial glass house. One woman's equal relationship where she does her partner's laundry is another woman's unbalanced, sexist relationship. It's just a case of how far down the line is drawn.
I think in most cases of dysfunctional relationships, regardless of whether the victim is male or female, it's a simple case of not recognising what's happening. In most cases, the abuse/poor treatment starts so insidiously that it's not even recognised for what it is. It is a minor transgression that is easily overcome. And so the line in the sand shifts, almost imperceptibly. By the time things get serious, there have been countless imperceptible shifts, and the relationship has usually lasted long enough, and has enough commitments, that the emotional/practical/financial investment the lesser party feels it;s worth 'working it out', or 'trying again' especially if you've been conditioned over time to the see the transgression as normal or relatively minor.
And in some cases, a happy childhood can make you more vulnerable, as unless you have been 'taught' what signs to look out and the dynamics of abuse it's very easy to be confused by an abuser's behaviour and explanation and believe them when they it won't happen again, or it's because of their childhood and if you just support them things will get better. Worse still, is the clever abuser who stops doing the offending action so makes you feel like you've been listened to, only to change the behaviour subtly and control you in more subtle, manipulative ways.
It's very, very complicated.