Hey OP,
That sounds really tough and realistically a 17 months old should not be screaming at night anymore.
How long does he cry for if you don't go ? Or do you always go hold him after a few minutes ?
Honestly you have merit because in your place I'd probably have whipped out ear plugs and decided that I'm getting at least 6 hours of sleep tonight, screaming or not.
Does your husband manage to sleep through the screaming ? Or what does he do ?
I do think that you going away for the night would help. If your DS knows you aren't there, there's no point screaming. (He'll still scream obviously but he's more likely to stop sooner). He needs to learn to settle for dad. But for it to work you'd have to keep at it for at least a couple of weeks.
Honestly considering how bad it is I don't really have a better suggestion than either you going away or using ear plugs. Your child is in bed, safe, fed, clean. Crying for a night won't hurt him. I'm probably gonna be called an awful parent on here but I think it's more dangerous for your child to have a sleep-deprived mom than to be left in his cot for the night.
Sleep consultant if you can afford it.
Your DH absolutely 100% needs to take your son outside on the weekends so you can sleep. It doesn't matter if he cries. You're the parents, you are in charge. If you've decided that he's going to the park with daddy then that's what he's doing, it's not a democracy and he doesn't get a vote.
Your DH also needs to take care of the housework in the week if he doesn't already. Cleaning, groceries, cooking, washing. You both can relax your standards obviously as you have a lot on your plate but if you're up all night soothing a baby he can bloody well do other things so you don't have to. Maybe he already does that, if so that's good (but he still doesn't get out of being a dad the rest of the time).
So yeah, that's long but to sum it up - you may have to just let your son cry. You can't control how he reacts to your rules, but you do decide what rules to have and they need to be sustainable for you. The current situation just cannot continue. You sound at breaking point, which is totally understandable. You need to step back big time.