I think some of it was about where you lived as well. I'm a 70s/80s child.
My first primary school my mum walked me to the school bus and collected me from the stop.
When we moved I was about 6 or 7, we moved to a new housing estate that had a tarmacked path to the primary school and beyond, the school gate was locked overnight and at weekends but you could still use it to get to the old village.
I used to walk 'on my own' but you would meet up with other children you knew from school, or who lived next door and the odd mum who was walking younger children.
Almost all the children from the estate went to the same primary and middle schools so you were never travelling truly alone.
Almost all the mums were SAHP and always seemed to have 'coffee mornings' so in the summer you would be out of the house all day but you would go to where the mums were if there was a problem and no one batted an eye lid if Mrs Smith from no 2 put a plaster on little Tommy who lived at no 6 or if anyone made juice for the 6 kids who just wanted a drink.
I have no idea if it still happens but it wouldn't surprise me.
When we moved again I was 9 and the girl next door didn't go to a local school and the other neighbours were older, I had a lot less freedom.
There also seemed to be quite a lot of 'tagging along' so if your friend went to her grandma's every Saturday you might be invited along, just because.