Historical reasons regarding even in the UK casual racism towards Jewish people was the norm as seen in literature around 1930’s. People did not believe concentration camps were real. The British involvement in the creation of a State of Israel in 1948. Seemed like a great idea in theory. Not so much in practice.
Perceived insulation. Jewish people have a family first culture that includes a work hard and achieve much culture and so there is a tendency to achieve much because they look after each other. For more insecure types this causes jealousy and resentment.
Islam: Muslim children are taught to hate Jewish people at birth. It is almost unthinkable to culturally British people who in reality have grown up with a high level of tolerance as the normal standard. I worked in a school with the most lovely and intelligent and sensible Muslim boys. Whilst nothing was said that I could correct, if Judaism was brought up - faces would change, body language would change. It was shocking for me to see and try to connect with the boys I knew. If that was the reaction to anything Jewish, you couldn’t help but wonder, what was said at home.
Whilst there are a greater number of attacks on Muslims, there small numbers of Jewish people in the UK make the proportion much higher. I think from a BBC article I read it was 8 times higher? (that’s from memory not fact checked).
Rise in racism: See more attacks on Muslims.
Links to immigration: Not specifically connected to Jewish people but for a lot of the 90’s/2000’s immigration changed whole towns and cities so far beyond what they were. (Bradford, Birmingham) and people were not listened to. Because they were in the North? They were ignored and tarred with the name Bigot for not wanting such rapid and radical change. This doesn’t go away but festers and breeds contempt. When people are attacked they tend to attack.
The Israeli/ Palestine war. People appear to find it very hard to separate a people group from a Goverment. Add on to the fact that it is an abhorrent genocide which is so so so wrong. Judaism is both a race and a religion and that is hard for people to understand can be separate and entwined. And the same seems to be the state of Israel’s government actions - because it’s nuanced and complicated people would rather simplify it.
Rise in openly intolerant behaviour: It’s one thing to oppose an idea, an ideology, a government’s policies- it’s another thing to do mass protests in the street openly chanting for the distruction of a whole people group as a bonding and inflammatory activation.
This is just the strands I know. It’s not just one answer but a melting point of historical, political, cultural, present climate, economical and therefore doesn’t fit into a neat answer.
Although if I was to sum it up in three words: Control. Superiority. Othering.