red I knew of the huge famines - some deliberate evil, some incompetence - in the USSR during the 1930s
I didn't know the name "holodomor," so thanks for that info
(I don;t know if that name has come into more recent use than the time I learned of the famines)
BigChoc - Holodomor is the Ukrainian word - with an accompanying accusation of genocide against Russia (actually the USSR, of which Ukraine was a part, but it's politically handy to call it Russia).
The Soviet famine of 1932-33 - Ukraine was only one of the many regions affected - killed millions of people all over the grain producing regions, from Ukraine in the west to Kazakhstan in the east and including the Volga region, the Central Black Earth Region (north of Ukraine, currently Belarus and westernmost regions of Russia) Ural region, Crimea, western Siberia, and the northern Caucuses. As a child, Mikhail Gorbachev saw half the population of his village (not in Ukraine) die of starvation.
The famine resulted from the 'elimination' of the kulak section of agricultural society and forced collectivisation in the entire grain producing belt, and was exacerbated by new laws requiring passports for internal movement (meaning peasants couldn't migrate to cities and away from doomed regions) and a cruel law punishing peasants for withholding a little grain for themselves and even for searching through fields for grain missed during harvesting.
Kazakhstan had also seen famine in 1919-22, caused by civil war that followed the revolution, and during a period of drought. The Ural and Volga regions were also severely affected by famine in these years but the cause here was flooding plus the civil war, plus the breakdown of rail communication.
The Holodomor was part of a much bigger picture, and although the Ukrainian SSR suffered between 4-7 million deaths, this was part of a bigger total that included millions of ethnic Russians and Kazakhs too, as well as ethnic Russians within the Ukrainian SSR.
The Holodomor name has indeed become more widely used, referring only to the famine in Ukraine, and generally ignoring that it was a widespread event that affected a huge area including Russia and Kazakhstan, in tandem with the recent rise of Ukrainian nationalism.