www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/no-hurry-why-impatience-over-vaccines-and-borders-will-divide-australia-20210420-p57ksd.html
www.smh.com.au/national/the-covid-19-vaccines-are-here-now-what-do-we-do-20210325-p57dxt.html
These interesting articles give a rundown of the discussions taking place within Australia about how and when to open up. It's clear that individual Australians all have very different views on this, and that the speed of reopening is likely to become a much-debated issue going forward.
On the one hand, many Australians are getting twitchy about not being able to travel, and a lot of business interests (esp tourism and higher education) are pushing for the country to open its borders as the vaccine is rolled out.
On the other hand, about 40% of Australians do not own passports and may feel no particular need for open borders any time soon. The articles also quote from some figures who are pushing for a longer-term Zero Covid approach:
"Professor Brendan Crabb is one of several scientists arguing Australia should maintain a zero tolerance to COVID-19 infections even post-vaccine. Unlike the flu, which kills hundreds of people every year, the community is “not going to tolerate severe disease and dying” from COVID-19, Professor Crabb said. That means maintaining high levels of security at the border, including quarantine, plus some level of social distancing locally and lockdowns if the virus gets away from us. A study published in the Lancet in March found a country immunised with a vaccine that was 50 per cent effective would see recurring epidemics; if the vaccine was 90 per cent effective, there would be none. Australia’s vaccine effectiveness will likely end up in the middle of that range. “In the absence of herd immunity ... you will need some level of public health intervention, to run side by side vaccines. And probably for ever, as long as we have virus,” says Professor Crabb."
I think that geopolitical concerns are going to become another point of tension. Those running tourism and higher education concerns want border to open more quickly, but if Australia continues to prioritize keeping COVID at zero or as close to zero as possible, they may open borders (or at least scale down quarantine requirements) for the other "zero COVID" countries, while continuing to wall themselves off from countries where the disease is commoner. That may push Australia in the direction of greater economic dependence on China---no other COVID free country can remotely match China in terms of economic heft, and if Australia cannot fill its hotel rooms and universities with students from Europe, the US, India and so on, it will need to get them from somewhere.
Australia has up to now been extremely brave in speaking out about China's poor human rights record, and in recent years there has been a push towards trying to reduce exposure to China. I'd be worried about the impact of Australia having to constantly make China happy for economic reasons....