NotAnOtter - yes, the research I was thinking of is when children stay with the mother.
There is a section in the book on how children fare when raised by a dad.
Here's an extract (slightly paraphrased):
"One US study followed up a group of 4 year old children from the time of their parents' divorce. These children were compared with two groups of children whose parents remained together; in one group the children had a happy marriage, and in the other the parents did not get on. The behaviour of all the children was assessed over six years.
In the first year, the children from divorced families were functioning less well than their counterparts from intact families - even those whose parents did not get on. The children from divorced families were more aggressive, defiant, demanding and lacking in self-control, both at home and at school, than the children from two parent families.
However, by the end of the second year, the situation had changed. It was the boys from intact but unhappy two parent families who showed the highest level of aggression and defiance, although the sons of divorced parents were still fucntioning less well than boys from harmonious two parent homes. The girls from divorced families had returned to normal by this time. There was very little difference between them and the girls from two parent homes where the parents got on well. Six years after divorce, daughters whose mothers had not remarried remained well adjusted. Sons, though improved, still tended to be more non-compliant, impulsive and aggressive in their behaviour.
There is no doubt that divorce is difficult and upsetting for children, and many experience emotional and behavioural problems around this time. But it seems that within two years most children of divorced parents have adapted fairly well. Couples are often encouraged to stay together for the sake of the children. But is it really true that a 'bad' marriage is better for children than divorce? Or do children fare better if their parents separate? Although every family is different, it appears that in the long run it is not always a good idea for parents to remain in a hostile marriage just for the children's sake. If divorce leads to an improved relationship between the parents, divorce can be beneficial for all concerned. But if parents remain in conflict after the divorce, the evidence suggests that it is better for children if their parents do not part."
She goes on to say that the aspects of divorce that are particularly damaging for children are:
- the level of conflict and hostility between parents
- financial hardship
- lack of social support for single mothers
- mothers who are depressed and preoccupied