"What was it that actually changed about this athlete's situation?"
I believe that the boxer in question started boxing in 2018 and was therefore still new and inexperienced when covid hit. Then after lock downs and competitions resumed, questions did indeed start being asked. Because that boxer was then older, had finished puberty and coaches and competitors were reporting just how hard those punches were.
That is why the testing was done.
"She was banned in 2023 by the Russian-led international boxing federation for allegedly failing an unspecified gender test."
This is really very weak. It is using guilt by association to somehow discredit the statements made by the IBA, the World Boxing Corporation and the European Boxing confederation.
The information presented, that the two boxers had XY chromosomes and male pubertal advantage have not been denied. Even by their official teams. That was the statements made by IBA and WBC.
Instead, language has been used to obfuscate the issue. They have been described as 'female' but not declared in public statements to have XX chromosomes. Khelif even went and got a Paris Endocrinologist's second opinion. Khelif's coach declared that this doctor declared that the chromosomes were not 'female'.
"There is no specific evidence of XY chromosomes that has actually been published and much of the 'information' about this boxer is rumour and speculation."
There is not going to be any published either unless a case goes to CAS or another court and the medical records are made public. Because there is no legal way for any organisation to demand the records are made public. That is for the athlete's to authorise. And they refused.
However, what has been noted now by three medical doctors who have seen various results is that Khelif does not have XX chromosomes AND has a body that responds to testosterone.
How do we know that Khelif's body responds to testosterone, apart from the obvious body cues? Because one of Khelif's team, who was then not countered at all, said that Khelif was now suppressing testosterone! And a body that doesn't process testosterone doesn't respond to testosterone suppression.
You can declare all you want that it is all 'rumour and speculation' but the inferences can be made from the information that is known. And what has not been directly stated as being false. And those inferences, are also not be directly stated as being false. Why is that?
Instead, we have official statements that repeat that someone has a female birthcertificate or passport, that someone grew up as a female person, and that someone doesn't consider themselves male. Never has there been an official statement that Khelif has XX chromosomes and has natural testosterone levels below 5 nmol/L.