I don't have a 17 year old, but I had moved out of the parental home and was living on my own at 17, so in order:
Have completely unrestricted and unsupervised phone access (so not even having to leave phone downstairs at nighttime)
Yes, although it was a fixed line in those days. Would have bought my own mobile if today.
Work part-time if still at school or college.
I was working full time, and going to day release and evening classes, so yes to this.
Learn to drive (either self-funded from wages or with parental help)
I passed my test 11 days after I was 17, so yes to this.
Travel in a car driven by a 17-year-old
I was out at 1 minute past midnight on my 17th birthday with my 17 year old friend who had already passed as my co-driver (don't think that's allowed these days), and the whole reason to learn to drive was to go out with friends who were the same age, so also yes.
Stay overnight at the home of a friend you do not know
Yes - I had people over and stayed elsewhere
Use public transport alone at night
Yes, had been doing this for years by that age as was going to concerts with friends.
Regulate their own sleep, even if this means getting out of bed at 3pm on a weekend
Yes, soon learned that if I burned the candle at both ends, I couldn't function at work.
Stay home alone overnight or for multiple days
Yes, every night, I lived alone
Be out and about without you know really knowing exactly where they are at any given moment
Yes, this is similar to an earlier question. Also, I cycled around Holland with a friend when I was 15, so had already been doing this for years too.
Life is no more dangerous now than it was in my day, and saying no to any of these for a 17 year old doesn't really set them up for future life.