Apart from specific policies it seems like your question is what are the larger framework that they have and maybe also how is it different from Labour.
It can be useful I think to take something of a historical approach to that question - it's changed over the years, as have the other parties, but there is an understandable progression.
Historically you can to some extent think of conservatives as representing landowners and people tied to the land. They tended to see society as a nested set of relations of different classes that interacted and worked in related but different roles. They tended to be localist, interested in protection of local production, agriculture, and a certain kind of national self-sufficiency. They think that socially communities should be deep rooted, sustainable, and interconnected.
The rise of liberalism tended on the other hand to anti-regulation, pro-business, pro-movement. And while in some ways it was quite happy with social mobility and busting up the class system, it also was quite happy with the people who rose to the top exploiting those who didn't. Do or die.
The labour movement to some extent opposed conservatism, but mainly it opposed liberalism. In the UK there were over the years more localist approaches but also more marxist ones. It tended to see the conservative social hierarchies as ignoring or exploiting workers and wanted to make sure that workers, who were not landowners, had a real voice. Tt was more urban in some ways than conservatism due to social changes. But it really saw liberalism as purposefully exploitative. It felt that social hierarchies or classes needed protection against business owners and that while class mobility was great it did not help those who remained workers. It also tended to be more rooted in community than liberals, and valued the same kinds of strong community structures as conservatives.
Fast forward to modern times, and you still have some of that background at work in the parties. However both ethe Tories and Labour have been very influenced, since the late70s/early 80s, by liberalism. The Tories especially economic liberalism, while they've tended to remain more socially conservative. Labour has also become largely economically liberal but overlaid with a kind of social transfer approach to mitigate some of the effects of that (which is a little different than the older conservative and labour approaches,) and they have become extremely socially liberal. There have, in very recent years, been some noises among conservative thinkers, and in conservative parties worldwide, been some indication of a return to some of their earlier, more protectionist, economic approaches.
One of the big differences in the population is what has sometimes been called the "somewheres" and the "anywheres". They anywhere people are the ones who tend to see themselves more as citizens of the world, they are less likely to have strong roots in one place, they are likely to move around for work a lot in good jobs, including internationally. The somewheres have deep roots, they stay closer to home or if they follow work they maintain a base at home, they see those solid community relationships as important to their function as families, they value family and community self-sufficience.
Working class somewheres used to be Blue Labour. but now they tend to vote conservative.